火灾烟气对二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料隔热性能影响机理的研究

Silica aerogel composite is an ideal alternative material which is used in firefighters' Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) due to its excellent insulating and lightweight performance because of its nanoporous structure (several to tens of nanometer). Exploration on the influence mechanism of fire smoke to its thermal insulation performance is a key factor in designing PPE. In this project, theoretical analyses, numerical simulation and experiment methodology will be adopted to carry out the following work: (1) to explore the coupling effects of high temperature, soot on the microstructure characteristic parameters, such as pore diameter, porosity, specific surface area, quantitative relationship among them, and modeling of its microstructure; (2) to study the influence of microstructure on its heat transfer mechanism and build effective thermal conductivity model; and (3) to build a numerical heat transfer model based on the principle of conservation, combining effective thermal conductivity model, and taking temperature and soot density distribution which are obtained by fire experiment and FDS simulation as the boundary conditions. And, the influence mechanism of fire somke on its thermal insulation will be studied. The results of this project will provide theoretical guidances to the design and produce of excellent lightweight PPE for firefighters. This project is a further study of previous research work based on experiences of our whole department, which having several characteristics, such as clear thinking, detailed methodology, feasible planning, great structure of researchers, etc…

二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料是用于火场防护装备的理想材料，探究火灾烟气对其隔热性能的影响机理是将其应用于防护装备研制的关键之一。本项目拟采用实验研究、理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法开展以下研究工作：（1）高温、烟颗粒耦合作用下该材料微观结构变化规律，建立微观结构特征参数与温度、烟颗粒密度、驻留时间的关系模型及微观结构模型；（2）材料微观结构改变对其内部导热、辐射传热机制的影响机理，建立有效热导率模型；（3）开展火灾烟气环境中该材料隔热性能实验，利用数值模拟确定实验环境中温度、烟颗粒分布，并以此为边界条件，结合有效热导率模型，构建火灾烟气环境中该材料传热数值模型并求解、验证，探究火灾烟气对其隔热性能的影响机理。研究成果可望为新一代轻便、隔热性能优越的火场防护装备的设计和制作提供理论指导。本项目是前期工作的延续和深化，整体思路清晰、技术路线详实、研究方案可行、人员结构合理，依托单位具备相关实验条件。

二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料是用于火场防护装备的理想材料，探究火灾烟气对其隔热性能的影响机理是将其应用于防护装备研制的关键之一。本项目拟采用实验研究、理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法开展以下研究工作：（1）高温、烟颗粒耦合作用下该材料微观结构变化规律，建立微观结构特征参数与温度、烟颗粒密度、驻留时间的关系模型及微观结构模型；（2）研究不同条件下烟颗粒形貌，分析高温条件下，烟颗粒在二氧化硅气凝胶表面及内部分布规律，研究烟颗粒对隔热性能的影响；（3）开展火灾烟气环境中该材料隔热性能实验，探究火灾烟气对其隔热性能的影响机理。