农村居民点用地内部结构演变及其配置标准改进

It is of great significence to push the rural residential land intergration forward orderly and timely nowadays in China, which is one of the basic means to improve the rural habitat environment and release the consolidation potential. Among these activities, the key and core is to adjust its inner land use structure of residential land, so it is indispensable to carrying out the rsearch on the evolution mechnism and configuration relationship of rural residential land inner structure. However, current researches mainly consider the rural residential land as a single entity, tend to neglected its inner structure . Under these conditions, this project will try to making an in-depth analysis on its inner land use structure evolution and configuration relationship from the prospective of optimizing land resources allocation. Firstly , a classification system of the rural residential land inner structure embodied the rural characteristics will be developed, relied on which the analysis on the spatial and temporal variation will be made to reveal the composition type and its configuration relationship clearly under typical environmental conditions. And then , the evolution mechanism of inner structure and its adaptation mechanisms between geographical environment background were studied using the mathematical models about the relationship among the inner structure , its land use efficacy and environmental system background indices. Afterwards, the quantity configuration optimization standard and its realization mechanism will be reestablished. Methods of "3S", field research, and mathematical model analysis will be employed based on multi-resource data. The project can provide guidance on hot issues of land resources management, such as village planning and building , and rural land consolidation and so on, which will promote the the new socialist countryside construction and balance development of urban and rural.

农村居民点用地内部结构演变机理与配置关系是有序推进城乡用地整合，改善农村人居环境，释放用地潜力的科学基础。但当前多将农村居民点用地作为整体进行研究，少有对其内部结构的系统解析。本研究拟在当前城乡用地结构深刻调整的时代背景下，将研究细化至农村居民点用地内部，综合运用“3S”技术、实地调研、数理模型等手段与方法，在多源数据支持下，构建适合乡村特点的农村居民点用地内部结构分类系统，多层次、多视角考察农村居民点用地内部结构演变时空分异，明确典型地域环境条件下农村居民点用地内部结构组合类型及其数量关系，揭示农村居民点用地内部结构演变机理及其与地域环境背景适应机制，解析农村居民点用地内部结构、用地功效与地域环境因子变化的数理关系，研制区域典型农村居民点用地内部结构配置改进标准，探讨科学调整农村居民点用地内部结构的实现机制，从而促进城乡土地资源优化配置，为新农村建设和城乡统筹发展提供科学依据。

基于项目研究计划，在扎实的实地调研、文献梳理与数据分析处理的基础上，综合运用数学形态学、拓扑学、“3S”技术、数理模型等研究方法，构建了基于功能的农村居民点用地内部结构分类系统，深入开展了多层次、多视角的农村居民点用地内部结构演变时空分异的研究，筛选出农村居民点内部用地结构演变标识性地类，进而提炼了农村居民点内部用地结构转型模式。在确定不同类型农村居民点用地内部结构转型模式与自然、生产和社会环境之间适宜配置关系的基础上，运用空间回归模型，解析了农村居民点用地内部结构转型的内在驱动机理。研究通过构建DEA效率评价模型和效用函数，结合农户用地需求，分别测算了农村居民点内部用地结构和宅基地内部用地结构配置标准的改进方案。同时，研究在梳理总结农村居民点用地内部结构演变和发展的主要特点与村庄问题的前提下，以实现“乡村振兴”战略为导向，综合村域外部地理环境与产业结构和功能导向、村域内部关键性约束问题和微观主体行为与意愿等多元要素，从效率提升和模式转换等角度提出了农村居民点用地内部结构优化管控引导机制及调整方案。项目研究成果可为村庄发展规划和内部结构调整提供现实依据，对于解决土地资源的供需矛盾，促进农村居民点可持续发展，实现新型城镇化和乡村振兴具有重要意义。