大规模城市交通路网的拥堵控制研究

Traffic congestion has become a serious problem for many large and middle scale cities. Different from traffic network optimization control algorithms，the project is aiming at studying satisfactory control strategies for the congestion problem in large-scale complex urban traffic networks, so as to prevent and remove traffic congestion in urban areas, and improve the traffic mobility in urban traffic networks. The main research content of this project includes traffic congestion definition, establishing spacial-temporal dynamic congestion model for urban traffic networks, building real-time receding horizon traffic congestion prediction algorithm and identifying the emergence and the propagation of traffic congestion in urban traffic networks, and finally studying satisfactory control algorithm and structure for preventing and removing traffic congestion in urban traffic networks. This project proposes a satisfactory traffic control problem instead of the traditional optimization traffic control problem, thereafter it solves constraints satisfaction problems instead of solving optimization problems. The proposal not only proposes new problems on modeling and control for urban traffic networks, but also retains innovation and challenge from a academic point of view. Furthermore, it also improves the applicability of the congestion control algorithm for large-scale urban traffic networks. This project proposes a new idea for controlling congestion in large-scale complex urban traffic networks, which provides a new theory and methodology for alleviating urban traffic congestion.

城市交通拥堵目前是我国很多大中城市亟待解决的问题。本项目区别于城市交通路网优化控制的传统研究思路，通过提取出交通路网优化中最基本且最具宏观意义的要求，研究大规模城市交通路网的拥堵控制，重点解决满足交通不拥堵或较少拥堵的可行控制问题，旨在提前预防和及时排除路网中的拥堵，提高路网对于交通流的整体疏导能力。主要研究内容包括城市交通路网拥堵的分析定义及具有预报拥堵能力的城市路网时空动态建模、交通拥堵的实时滚动预测和拥堵瓶颈的分析与确定、城市交通路网拥堵预防和排除的满意控制框架与算法。本项目把城市交通路网传统的优化控制问题改变为满意控制问题，把优化求解改变为约束满足问题求解，不但对城市交通路网的建模与控制提出了新问题，在学术上具有新颖性与挑战性，而且在大规模交通路网中有更强的实际可用性。本项目的研究给出了大规模城市交通路网优化控制的新思路，研究成果将为缓解交通拥堵提供有效的理论框架和实用算法。

交通拥堵问题是影响国民生活、经济效益和环境污染的重要问题，本项目对城市路网的交通拥堵问题进行了深入的研究，对该问题进行了逐步深化的探索，所研究的内容包括路网拥堵建模和预测、基于模型的拥堵控制、多目标的复杂路网拥堵控制、交通路网的多层递阶拥堵控制、基于多智能体协调的城市路网分布式拥堵控制，从机理建模到拥堵预测，从单一拥堵控制到多目标复杂路网控制，从简单路网控制策略到复杂大路网的控制结构设计，全方面对城市交通拥堵问题进行了分析、总结并提出相应的解决方案。仿真验证表明，采用所提出的拥堵控制策略，可以对路网中的交通状态进行全面的优化，有效减少路网中的总体延误和尾气排放，增强路网疏导车流的能力。截至本年度，申请书中的研究计划与研究内容已经全部完成，而且进一步对城市大规模复杂路网的分布式和分层递阶控制结构进行了研究。