雄性短尾猴的个性特征及其对社群网络的行为响应

Animal personality has been defined as the systematic and consistent expression of differences between individuals in behavioral tendencies in a manner that is correlated across time and contexts. Previous studies have demonstrated that personality is widespread in social animals. Obviously, personality is the adaptive consequences for both animal society and ecological factors in social animals and plays important roles in maintaining the complex relationships and social cohesion. Personality play important roles in the occurrence of social bonds, on the other hand, the changeable social relationships can also affect the personality. However, we still know little about the behavioral mechanism of these. In the current study, using the social network analysis, we take Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at Huangshan, China, as a subject to investigate the social behaviors and relationships of males. The proposed project will analyze the social networks and varying patterns based on social behavior, focusing on male personality, its relationship with social networks, and the process of evolutionary adaptation. This project is a further effort in our long-term research based on our previous work. The specific objective is to understand how males and male-male bonds affect group structure in the Tibetan macaque. We expect the project will shed new light on the regulatory mechanisms behind group stability and cohesion, and how to more effectively conserve and manage Tibetan macaques. Additionally, the results of this study may provide new insights into how individual personality and social relationships in human societies.

动物的个性（Personality）是指社会性动物在时间或空间上总的行为差异，在动物社会中普遍存在。越来越多的研究表明，动物的个性在维持社会关系和群体稳定中发挥重要作用。个性特征影响个体之间的社会关系，而社会关系的变化也会调节和重塑动物的个性特征，但其影响和调节的行为学机制并不清楚。本项目以栖息在安徽黄山的短尾猴（Macaca thibetana）为研究对象，采用社会网络分析方法，分析雄性个体的行为特征、社会关系、社群网络结构及其变化规律，阐明雄性个性多样性与社会关系复杂性之间的关系，揭示个性特征对社群网络结构的影响和行为适应。本项目是短尾猴行为生态学研究的延续和深入，有望揭示群体成员在社会关系网络中的角色影响，对短尾猴的保护和管理具有重要意义,对理解人类社会复杂的关系也具有科学参考价值。

动物的个性特征是指个体之间、在时间或空间上总的行为差异。探索灵长类动物的个性差异是深入理解和认识雄性间社会关系、特别是群体维持稳定的基础。本项目以安徽黄山的野生短尾猴为研究对象，以自然的日常行为交往数据为依据，在对其个性特征类型研究的基础上，首次揭示了短尾猴的个性特征类型与群体稳定性之间的关系。本项目主要结论有：（1）分析了短尾猴群体和个体的行为多样性特征；（2）阐明了短尾猴的个性特征类型及性别差异；（3）多角度探讨了个性特征的影响因素；（4）揭示了个性特征与行为交往的关系。因此，本研究首次阐明了短尾猴的个性特征类型与群体稳定之间的关系，促进对灵长类动物保持群体稳定机制的理解，同时，对短尾猴的保护和管理具有重要意义。