地面和空间频标稳定传输关键技术研究

Frequency standard stabilizing transmission is one of the key technologies of the ground and space observation stations. In order to improve the frequency standard performance of the receiving terminal, it is necessary to study the unified design method to analysis the errors in the loop which lead to the performance deterioration. The project will focus on the ground and space frequency stabilizing transmission system's design and experimental verification. The important research points are the errors in the round trip loop that deteriorate the frequency standard performance, as well as real time detection and compensation techniques. First, the prototype of ground phase stabilized transmission and simulation models should be established to research the device and enviroment errors' impacts on the performance of the frequency standard. Then the high precision phase and frequency discriminator and compensation method will be studied. Through experiments,the performance of the frequency standard from the receiving terminal can be verified. Next, with the method of combining the tropospheric delay model and the measured data,the performance of the frequency standard is studied with the delay compensated in real time. Finally, the oscillator taming and calibration afterwards are studied with the method of Kalman filter.This project can enrich the design methods of frequency standard stabilizing transmission in theory level, and also will help domestic observation stations establish such transmission system in applications.

频标稳定传输是地面和空间观测站的关键技术之一，为了提高接收端频标的性能，需要研究统一的设计方法来分析环路中的多种误差对频标性能的恶化情况。本项目将围绕地面和空间频标稳定传输系统的设计和验证而展开，重点研究往返校正环路中各项误差对频标性能的影响，以及实时检测和补偿技术。首先，建立地面频标稳相传输原型以及仿真模型，研究器件、环境等误差对接收端频标性能的影响；然后研究高精度鉴相、鉴频以及频率、相位补偿方法，通过实验验证接收端频标的性能。接着，采用模型和实测相结合的方法，进行实时补偿对流层延时，研究其对接收端频标性能的影响。最后，采用卡尔曼滤波方法对星上晶振的驯服和事后校正进行研究。本项目在理论层面可以充实频标稳定传输系统的设计方法；在应用层面，将有助于国内观测台站频标稳相传输系统的建立。

频标稳定传输是地面和空间观测站的关键技术之一，为了提高接收端频标的性能，需要研究统一的设计方法来分析环路中的多种误差对频标性能的恶化情况。本项目将围绕地面和空间频标稳定传输系统的设计和验证而展开，重点研究往返校正环路中各项误差对频标性能的影响，以及实时检测和补偿技术。首先，建立地面频标稳相传输原型以及仿真模型，研究器件、环境等误差对接收端频标性能的影响；然后研究高精度鉴相、鉴频以及频率、相位补偿方法，通过实验验证接收端频标的性能。接着，采用模型和实测相结合的方法，进行实时补偿对流层延时，研究其对接收端频标性能的影响。最后，采用卡尔曼滤波方法对星上晶振的驯服和事后校正进行研究。项目分别对地面电缆、光纤以及空间频标的稳定传输研制了样机，其中地面频标稳相传输系统的补偿能力达到100倍以上，发表了相关论文13篇，申请了有关的专利2项，并在其它国家工程项目中将实际投入应用。