岩石磨蚀性的细观组构影响及力学机制研究

Rock abrasiveness is the index for weighing of the breakage capacity of the rock and wearing ability of the driving machine. it is widely used for the characterization of geomechanical properties of the rock in the mechanical driving of mining and tunnelling projects. The interaction mechanism of rock and driving machine is a basic scientific problem for the study of rock abrasiveness. Although the abrasiveness capacity of the rock to driving machine can be obtained in the traditional rock abrasiveness test, the wearing ability of the machine to rock cannot be characterized. There are only theory analysis and numerical simulation have been done about the mechanism of the interaction of rock and driving machine. Testing method in the laboratory and corresponding results cannot be found so far. So the influence factors of rock abrassiveness and interaction of rock and driving machine are the key aspects for the study of rock abrassiveness. A new testing method will be developed and the driving force-displacement profile dring the whole testing process will be gained to study the interaction of rock and driving machine. XRD and SEM-EDX of the rock slices are used to quantitatively describe and analyze the constituent and structure of the rock for the studying of theirs influence on the rock abrassiveness. The breakage process and mechanical mechanism of the weared rock will be studied through the relationship analyzation between rock abrasiveness and mechanical properties. The rock abrassiveness will be used to predict the consumption of the cutterhead and driving efficiency.

岩石磨蚀性指岩石对机械的磨损能力与自身破碎的难易程度，是广泛使用在资源开采和隧硐机械掘进的特殊的岩石工程地质力学性质表征，"岩石-机械"相互作用过程与机理是岩石磨蚀特性的基础科学问题。传统的岩石磨蚀性试验仅能获得岩石对机械的磨损程度，无法表征机械的对岩石的磨蚀能力；在岩-机相互作用机理研究方面仅为理论分析和数值模拟，还没有试验方法和数据的支持。因此，岩石磨蚀性影响因素和岩-机相互作用机制是深入研究岩石磨蚀性的关键。项目拟在研制的磨蚀仪上开发新的试验方法，获得岩石磨蚀过程中的全过程曲线，研究"岩-机"相互作用全过程及机械因素影响；通过地质薄片、XRD、SEM-EDX等实验，对岩石组分和结构进行定量描述和分析，研究岩石磨蚀性的矿物组构影响；通岩石磨蚀性与力学特性的关系分析和颗粒流单元模拟，研究岩石磨蚀破裂过程与力学机制；并将岩石磨蚀性应用于TBM隧道，预测滚刀消耗水平和掘进效率。

岩石磨蚀性指岩石对机械的磨损能力与自身破碎的难易程度，是广泛使用在资源开采和隧硐机械掘进的特殊的岩石工程地质力学性质表征，“岩石-机械”相互作用过程与机理是岩石磨蚀特性的基础科学问题。项目通过在已有的磨蚀仪上开发新的试验方法，获得岩石磨蚀过程中的钢针贯入形态的全过程曲线，研究“岩-机”相互作用过程特征；通过XRD、SEM-EDX试验和结构定量分析，研究岩-机磨蚀的组分影响和细观结构机制；通过岩石全应力-应变试验，研究岩石磨蚀性、划痕特性与力学参数的关系，揭示岩石磨蚀性的“岩—机”相互作用机理。通过项目开展的研究，提出了一种定量确定CERCHAR试验划痕形貌的非接触高精度测量的试验方法，为研究岩石磨蚀性的“岩-机”相互作用机理提供了高精度全过程试验数据；考虑岩石的组分参数、结构参数和力学参数，建立了岩石磨蚀性影响因素的多参数耦合关系模型；揭示了岩石磨蚀性的能量机制, 对CERCHAR试验的岩石磨蚀过程进行了颗粒流离散元模拟仿真。