磁场下液态金属内由内热源引起的热对流特性研究

Internally heated convection in magnetohydrodynamic flows plays an important role in the industrial field related to electric power industry and has important research significance. A deep understanding of the coupled mechanism of the inertial force, electromagnetic force and buoyancy for the phenomena is required. Thus, based on the model of the channel flow, the investigations are conducted as following:.1) Used the vertical magnetic field and fixed thermal boundary condition, the base flow, instability and turbulence at different Hartmann numbers and Grashof numbers are studied and the features of the internally heated convection and the effect of the strength of magnetic field are illustrated..2) Used the vertical magnetic field, the feature of the flow field is studied at the different Reynolds numbers..3) Respectively changed thermal boundary condition and the direction of the magnetic field, the effect of the two factors on the internally heated convection is revealed by the comparison of the flow states..The characteristics of the project are to obtain the information of the flow field for the different Grashof numbers, Hartmann numbers, Reynolds numbers, thermal boundary conditions as well as directions of the magnetic field and reveal the coupled mechanism of the inertial force, electromagnetic force and buoyancy. Based on the numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the research program is executed according to the prepared research plan to obtain the information of the flow field. At last, the coupled mechanism of the inertial force, electromagnetic force and buoyancy is illustrated to provide the theoretical support for the liquid metal battery and the liquid metal blankets of nuclear fusion reactor.

磁流体力学中内加热对流现象因广泛存在于与电力行业相关的工业领域而具有重要的研究价值。这种现象中惯性力、电磁力与浮升力的耦合机理有待于深入探索。因此，本项目拟采用平板流模型开展以下研究：1）取垂直方向磁场，固定热边界条件，研究不同哈特曼数和格拉晓夫数下流场的基本流、不稳定和湍流，阐明内加热对流的特性和磁场强度对其的影响；2）取垂直方向磁场，研究不同雷诺数下流场的特征；3）分别改变热边界条件和磁场方向，对比流场的流态，揭示热边界条件和磁场方向对磁流体力学中内加热对流的影响。项目的特色在于通过获得不同格拉晓夫数、哈特曼数、雷诺数、热边界条件和磁场方向下流场信息，来揭示惯性力、电磁力与浮升力的耦合机理。研究计划建立在以数值模拟为主导，理论分析为支撑的框架上，去获取流场信息，并按拟订的研究方案实施。通过解决上述问题，希望研究成果能为液态金属电池和核聚变反应堆液态金属包层的设计提供一定的理论支持。

磁流体力学中内加热对流现象广泛存在于与电力行业相关的工业领域，像液态金属电池以及核聚变反应堆液态金属包层。本项目的主要研究内容是采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，研究在磁场作用下平板流中由均一内热源引起的热对流现象，揭示内热源和流体流动共同引起的混合对流特性，电磁力、惯性力以及浮升力的耦合机理以及热边界条件对磁流体力学中内加热对流的影响等。通过研究可知，内热源越强烈，热对流越剧烈，流速越小，热对流越剧烈，磁场越大，热对流越剧烈。通过本项目的研究，开发了一套求解平板流中内加热对流问题的求解器，研究了线性稳定性分析方法，并使理论分析和数值模拟方法相互验证。希望本项目的研究成果能够为液态金属电池和核聚变反应堆液态金属包层的设计提供一定的理论基础和依据，使它们更好地服务于电力能源领域。