我国新发现虫媒病毒生物学特征及人群感染流行病学调查研究

Arboviruses are pathogens of most zoonoses, and can cause febrile disease and severe viral encephalitis and hemorrhagic disease in human population. At present, more than 550 arboviruses have been identified in the world, among which are more than 130 virus species that can cause disease in human or other susceptible vertebrate hosts. In China, only four arboviral diseases including Japanese encephalitis, dengue serotype 1-4, tick-borne encephalitis and Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever have demonstrated to be circulating in human population. In recent twenty years, study on the arbovirus isolation has been reinforced in China, and some arbovirus isolates have been obtained. The biological and genomic characteristics of these newly isolated viruses have been well understood. However, it is not clear whether there are human epidemics of these viruses in China. In addition, there are many case reports about fever and encephalitis of undetermined origin in China annually. It is interesting to investigate the relation between the diseases and newly isolated arboviruses. In past years, we continuously undertake the study on epidemiological survey and isolation of the arboviruses, and found some arboviruses mainly including Getah virus, Banna virus, Yunnan orbivirus, Yunnan Aedes flavivirus and Culex flavivirus. In the present study, we will investigate the biological and genomic characteristic of the Yunnan Aedes flavivirus and Culex flavivirus to clarify their taxonomy. We will select healthy adults as subjects in several regions in China and conduct serological survey for Getah virus, Banna virus, Yunnan orbivirus, Yunnan Aedes flavivirus and Culex flavivirus infections. Also, the serological and pathogenic detections will be carried out for patients with fever or encephalitis of undetermined origin. The objectives of the study are to elucidate the correlation of the newly found arboviruses and human diseases and understand background of human infections of these viruses. It will be greatly helpful to improve abilities of prevention and control against arboviral diseases in China.

虫媒病毒是大多数人兽共患病的病原体，可致人类严重的脑炎和出血热。已知有130多种虫媒病毒对人类致病，但一直以来我国仅有4种虫媒病毒病被证实存在人间流行。近20年来，我国加强了对虫媒病毒的分离工作，获得了一些新的病毒，对其生物学及基因组特征进行了研究，但这些病毒在人间的流行情况尚不清楚。与此同时，我国每年都会发生一些不明原因的发热和脑炎病例，这些疾病与新分离病毒的关系是我们关心的科学问题。本研究拟在长期研究工作的基础上，利用现有的毒株资源，对课题组首次分离的两种蚊传黄病毒的生物学性状与全基因组特征进行系统研究，明确其分类地位；以不明原因发热和脑炎病人及健康人群为研究对象，对新分离的盖塔病毒、版纳病毒、云南环状病毒及两种蚊传黄病毒的感染情况进行病原学检测和血清学调查；旨在确证新发现虫媒病毒与人类疾病的关系，了解人群感染状况，从而推动我国虫媒病毒病的研究进程，提高我国虫媒病毒病的预防控制能力。

虫媒病毒是大多数人兽共患病的病原体，可致人类严重的脑炎和出血热。已知有130多种虫媒病毒对人类致病，但一直以来我国仅有4种虫媒病毒病被证实存在人间流行。近20年来，我国加强了对虫媒病毒的分离工作，获得了一些新的病毒，对其生物学及基因组特征进行了研究，但这些病毒在人间的流行情况尚不清楚。与此同时，我国每年都会发生一些不明原因的发热和脑炎病例，这些疾病与新分离病毒的关系是我们关心的科学问题。.课题组在前期开展的蚊媒病毒调查研究中，在云南省共获得病毒阳性分离物82株，采用传统的PCR方法和高通量测序共鉴定出80株分离物。在此基础上，本研究利用现有的毒株资源，对课题组首次分离的两种蚊传黄病毒的生物学性状与全基因组特征进行了系统研究，明确了它的分类地位；以不明原因发热和脑炎病人及健康人群为研究对象，对新分离的版纳病毒、Nam Dinh病毒的感染情况进行了血清学调查；对几种新发现的蚊媒病毒,主要包括Nam Dinh病毒、虹彩病毒、西双版纳环状病毒、新整体病毒、新型弹状病毒的全基因组特征进行了分析，明确了它们的分类地位。.本研究选择我国生物种类较为丰富的云南省作为调查现场，从2007年开始每年采集蚊虫标本进行虫媒病毒筛查，发现了多种虫媒病毒，拓展了对该地区蚊媒病毒资源的认识，以期推动我国虫媒病毒病的研究进程，提高虫媒病毒病的预防控制能力。