越南女性移民的社会空间排斥与融合研究：以广西、云南边境地区为例

The importance of pace practice of transnational immigrant women should arouse the attention of human geographers. Through the transformation of cultural geography into new cultural geography, and the vigorous development of the feminist movement and feminist theory, western feminist geography starts to provide feminist perspective to analyze the geography problems from the female experience, gender rights, and female internal differences as well as to develop feminist paradigm to doubt and resist the authoritative discourse of the male subject.With the development of the thoughts of “cultural turn” and “spatial turn”, geographic space has been subjectivized and has participated in the construction of social ideology; its research perspective, from macroscopic to microscopic, focuses more on “offbeat groups” who are excluded and marginalized by the mainstream society in a micro-scale domain. There exist a great number of transnational Vietnamese female immigrants in the areas across the Sino-Vietnam border. The Vietnamese immigrants, due to the lack of legal status, are often excluded from the mainstream society in the everyday life. The Social Exclusion/Inclusion Theory, developed in the 1990s’ Europe, originated in the study of social inequality and now has become a core concept of interpreting various social problems. Therefore,the project focuses on how the female Vietnamese through liquidity and spatial practice,to build the relationship between gender and power,and how female Vietnamese's local identity to be producted in the border space.The project is to discuss the mechanism and the evolution of gender relations of power in space in order to establish the model and measurement system of space exclusion and inclusion based on gender. Through the introduction of western scholars' studies, as well as foreign research progress review, this project is to provide a useful lesson for the local research. And the project enriches in terms of the micro space both the Social Exclusion/Inclusion Theory and its related empirical research. What’s more,the study is not only a useful complement to the weakness of Chinese feminist geography, but also has social value to maintain national security and border areas of harmony.

跨国移民女性的空间实践对地缘政治的重要性，理应引起人文地理学的关注。女性主义地理学强调研究不单只呈现女性的生活面貌，更要研究性别上的权力关系，包括女性不公平的区隔、限制与压迫，以及开启女性抵抗与彻底转变的可能。本课题采取理论探讨与实证分析相结合的研究思路，从女性主义地理学的研究视角出发，对中越边境越南女性移民群体的空间实践放在“社会排斥/社会融合”层面去考察。着重考察越南女性通过自身的流动性和空间实践，重新建构社会关系，由此研究边境空间中流动性与特殊女性群体的空间实践之间的辩证关系，以探明性别权力关系在空间实践中的作用机理和演化机制，以建立基于性别的空间排斥与空间融合的研究范式和测量体系。本课题丰富和发展社会排斥/社会融合理论中空间排斥和空间融合的研究；实现文化地理学在女性主义研究领域的拓展，亦对维护边境地区的和谐稳定、保护文化多样性、保障女性权益具有社会价值。

在“一带一路”的战略背景下，中越两国相互依存的程度逐步加深。本论文从女性主义地理学的视角出发，探讨生活在中国边境地区的越南女性跨国婚姻移民的社会空间排斥，以及她们对此的抵抗中建立起的主体性。课题从婚姻移民社会空间排斥的产生机制、社会空间排斥的具体形态和婚姻移民的主体性建构三个方面展开研究。本课题发现：（1）婚姻移民社会空间排斥的成因有政治性、社会性和文化性的特点。（2）社会空间排斥具有空间区隔和空间规训两种形式。但是，（3）婚姻移民于公/私空间之间，运用各种资本，因时制宜地变通与协商，从私人空间到公共空间，转换其社会位置，脱离被排斥地位。本课题是人文地理学有关女性移民研究的丰富和深化，亦对加强边境的和谐稳定、保护文化多样性有一定的现实意义。项目资助发表论文10篇，核心论文8篇，待发表论文2篇。剩余经费计划用于本项目研究的后续支出。