热毛细流动中的微弱物理信号检测与分析系统

Thermocapillary convection and its transition to chaos are important issues in the field of fluid physics. The research on thermocapillary convection can not only reveal significant laws of fluid motion, but also provide new physical system to study nonlinear problems such as stability, bifurcation, and transition. The fundamental characteristic of thermocapillary convection is slow. What's more, physical signals including temperature, and interface deformation are small variable, and the oscillations of these signals are much smaller. So it is crucial to detect these weak signals during the experiments on thermocapillary convection. Main work of this project is to design detecting and analyzing system for weak signals during thermocapillary convection, including temperature measurement system, and interface deformation measurement system. Programs to control the two systems and data analysis programs can be written by Labview software. Temperature, and interface deformation are two important physical quantities during thermocapillary convection. Research on these physical quantities through the detecting and analyzing system is beneficial to explore the mechanism of thermocapillary convection, provide detecting method for other fluid physics, and store key technique for micro-gravity environment application.

研究热毛细流动及其转捩过程是流体物理研究的重要课题，不仅可以了解掌握物质运动的许多重要规律，也为流体力学中诸如稳定性、分叉、转捩等非线性问题提供新的研究体系。尤其在重力环境，热毛细流动的根本特点是缓慢，其各种物理信号包括温度变化、界面形变等均属于小量，各物理信号的振荡量更是小之又小。如何检测这些微弱信号实验研究热毛细流动的关键。 本项目研制热毛细流动微弱物理信号检测与分析系统，包括温度振荡检测系统、表面形变及振荡检测系统，并用LabVIEW软件平台编制程序控制该两套系统的工作及时序，同时编制数据分析处理软件系统。温度、表面形变是热毛细对流体系非常重要的两个物理量，通过该两系统的检测，可以更好地探索热毛细对流的机理问题，也为其他流体物理问题提供有效的测试手段和检测理念，同时为载人航天提供的微重力环境利用提供基本并且关键的科学技术储备。

研究热毛细流动及其转捩过程是流体物理研究的重要课题，不仅可以了解掌握物质运动的许多重要规律，也为流体力学中诸如稳定性、分叉、转捩等非线性问题提供新的研究体系。尤其在重力环境，热毛细流动的根本特点是缓慢，其各种物理信号包括温度振荡和表面振荡都是小量。如何检测这些微弱信号成为实验研究热毛细流动的关键。.本项目研制了热毛细流动微弱物理信号检测与分析系统，包括温度振荡检测系统和表面形变及振荡检测系统。应用高灵敏度的热电偶温度检测系统开展了地面热毛细对流研究，获得了热毛细对流转捩过程研究结果。应用双频激光相位测量原理研制了物体表面形变检测系统，测量灵敏度优于50nm，并将该系统用于热毛细对流流体自由面形变测量。编制了LabVIEW软件平台控制系统的工作及时序，并实现了实验数据的处理和分析。本项目研制的两套系统为探索热毛细对流的机理问题提供实验手段，同时为空间实验提供科学技术储备。