高功率石墨烯束流窗口的研究

High-power proton accelerator is vital to the studies of high energy physics (e.g. neutrino factory), spallation neutron source and accelerator-driven subcritical system (ADS). Beam window is a key device in high-power proton accelerates. It is usually used to separate air or other gas environments in the end of beam vacuum duct. The heat dissipation, mechanical strength and radiation lifetime are the most common considerations of the window design. The usually-used materials for beam windows are Inconel Alloy, Aluminum alloy and so on. With the development of the high-intensity, high-power accelerators, the conventional beam window will not be qualified. Graphene is the thinnest material with highest stiffness and highest electrical and thermal conductivities ever found. With the maturation of large size graphene manufacturing technology, the beam window made of graphene can solve the thermal and mechanical problems perfectly. It may bring a new breakthrough to beam window developments. This study will focus on the application of graphene beam window, mainly concludes the design and manufacture of the window and relative devices, the Monte Carlo analyses and the finite element analyses of the window, the heat dissipation test, vacuum test and pressure-resistance test. This study will be an exploration of the graphene beam window application, and some of the techniques may provide references for other graphene applications, such as stripper foil.

高功率质子加速器在高能物理（中微子工厂等）、散裂中子源、加速器驱动的次临界核能系统（ADS）研究中起着重要作用，束流窗口是加速器的重要部件，用来隔离不同的气氛环境，其设计主要考虑散热、机械强度、辐照寿命等。目前常用的窗口材料有镍合金、铝合金等。随着高强度、高功率加速器的发展，现有的窗口将不能满足要求。石墨烯是目前发现的最薄、最坚硬、导电导热性能最好的纳米材料。随着大尺寸石墨烯制备技术的日趋成熟，将石墨烯应用于高功率束流窗口将很好的解决散热、强度等问题，给束流窗口的发展带来新的技术突破。本项目将进行石墨烯窗口的应用研究，主要包括窗口及实验设备的结构设计及研制、窗口的Monte Carlo分析、有限元分析以及石墨烯窗口的散热、真空性能及抗压性的实验验证。本研究将是石墨烯在束流窗口应用的一次探索，并可对其他设备如剥离膜等提供技术参考。

高功率质子加速器在高能物理（中微子工厂等）、散裂中子源、加速器驱动的次临界核能系统（ADS）研究中起着重要作用，束流窗口是加速器的重要部件，用来隔离不同的气氛环境，其设计主要考虑散热、机械强度、辐照寿命等。目前常用的窗口材料有镍合金、铝合金等。随着高强度、高功率加速器的发展，束流窗口的设计遇到瓶颈。石墨烯是目前发现的最薄、最坚硬、导电导热性能最好的纳米材料。本课题首次在国际上对基于石墨烯束流窗口的技术问题做了可行性研究，从束流损失及热沉积、散热性能、强度、真空性能等方面进行了分析及实验测试。研究结果表明，基于还原氧化石墨烯的束流窗口有一定的工程可行性，并根据不同应用场景设计了几种结构的束流窗口。此外，对还原氧化石墨烯与金属的连接做了一些初步研究，认为方案可行，需要进一步优化。本课题执行期间完成了研究计划及研究目标。