电动车辆再生制动用新型轴向飞轮储能电机系统的基础研究

The regenerative braking system can absorb and re-use the energy in the braking procedure of electric vehicles, which is significantly important for improving the energy utilization rate of the electric vehicle. The performance of conventional flywheel motor/generators cannot meet the requirements of the regenerative braking system. This project aims at solving this problem by proceeding from technologies such as the motor design, multi-physics coupled analysis, and optimal control. The project proposes a novel multi-stage, modular, high power density, fault-tolerant axial flux permanent magnet machine in a targeted manner; studies theory and technology such as the structure and electromagnetic design technology, static and dynamic characteristics calculation methods, multi-physics coupled analysis methods, loss and temperature rise calculation methods; derives the multi-object optimal design and control method with objects of high power density, high efficiency, long battery life, and low voltage ripple etc. by investigating the influence rules of the flywheel motor/generator parameters on performances of the regenerative braking system; develops the schemes of controller parameters tuning, switching loss reduction, field-weakening speed regulation and fault-tolerant control; designs and manufactures the prototype with 30kW，stored energy 300kJ, to verify the design theory and the control method. Conducting this project can help fill the research gaps in related fields and promote the regenerative braking application in electric vehicles.

再生制动系统通过飞轮储能回收并再利用电动车辆制动时的能量，对于提高电动车辆的能量利用率具有重要意义。本项目从电机本体设计、多场耦合分析和最优控制等技术着手，解决传统飞轮电机不能满足再生制动系统要求的问题。项目有针对性地提出一种新型多盘式、模块化、高功率密度、可容错的轴向永磁电机，研究电机结构与电磁设计、静动态性能参数计算、再生制动过程中多场耦合分析、损耗和温升计算等理论和方法；掌握飞轮电机参数对再生制动系统性能的影响规律，获取以功率密度、效率、蓄电池最长寿命、电压波动范围等为目标的多目标优化设计和控制方法，制定控制器参数整定、开关损耗抑制、弱磁调速和容错控制方案；设计并制造功率30kW、存储能量300kJ的飞轮电机样机，验证设计理论和控制方法。本项目的开展将填补相关领域的研究空白，为促进再生制动系统在电动车辆中的大规模推广奠定坚实的理论和应用基础。

再生制动系统通过飞轮储能回收并再利用电动车辆制动时的能量，对于提高电动车辆的能量利用率具有重要意义。本研究首先从市场需求着手，以南京地铁1号线为例，分析列车起动与再生制动的物理过程，确定了飞轮储能系统容量和飞轮电机主要设计参数；在此基础上，通过各类型高速电机的对比与分析，确定飞轮储能用轴向永磁电机结构，继而在电磁设计、静动态性能参数计算、多场耦合分析、损耗和温升、容错性能、盘式偏心等理论与快速计算方法等方面进行了相关研究；在控制方面，完成容错控制方案、无位置控制技术和带LCL输出滤波器的高速电机驱动技术；设计并制造了多台不同材料、结构与功率的飞轮储能样机，验证设计理论和控制方法。本项目的开展填补了盘式永磁电机相关领域的研究空白，为促进再生制动系统在电动车辆中的大规模推广奠定坚实的理论和应用基础。