基于Q值理论的电小天线优化方法研究

Based on a thorough investigation of the latest reports on stored energy calculation, Q value calculation, upper limit of properties and optimization based on Q of electrically antennas, this project aims to explore the practical implementation of the optimal source distribution of a two dimensional surface, when the Q value or ratio of gain to Q of an electrically small antenna approaches to its optimal value. Detailed contents are as follows. The scheme of approaching the optimal current distribution mainly based on characteristic theory and addition of characteristic modes for two dimensional metallic conductors will be studied and a multi-port fed metallic plate antenna will be proposed. The scheme of approaching the optimal aperture field distribution mainly based on domain discretization and array concept for two dimensional apertures will be studied and an electrically small micro horn array antenna will be proposed.. The project will strongly promote the research on electrically small antennas from the traditional analytical calculation of Q value to Q value theory based antenna optimization and synthesis, and will provide effective technical support for realization of quantitative design and demand optimization for future high performance small antennas as well. The project is of theoretical significance and practical value for engineering applications.

本项目在持续追踪近年来国内外前沿团队在电小天线储能计算、Q值计算、基于Q值的性能上限预估和优化设计等方面最新成果的基础上，探寻电小天线达到最优Q值或最优增益Q值比时二维面源最优分布的物理实现方法。具体内容包括：以基于特征模理论的特征模式叠加为主要方法研究二维金属导体表面目标最优电流的逼近方案，最终构造出表面电流接近最优分布的“多端口馈电金属平板天线”。以区域离散化和阵列构造为主要方法研究二维口径面最优口径场的逼近方案，最终构造出口径场接近最优分布的“电小微喇叭阵列天线”。.项目研究将在电小天线领域实现从传统Q值分析计算走向基于Q值理论的天线优化和综合提供有力推动，为实现未来高效能小型天线的“定量设计、按需优化”提供有效技术支撑，兼具重要的理论研究价值和工程应用前景。

本项目旨在通过追踪近年来国内外电小天线Q值理论最新相关成果，探寻电小天线达到最优Q值（Q值下限）或最优增益Q值比（增益Q值比上限）时二维面源最优分布的物理实现方法，以期分别构造出表面电流接近最优分布的“电小多端口馈电金属平面天线”和口径场接近最优分布的“电小微喇叭阵列天线”。.本项目的主要工作及创新性贡献包括：（1）提出了电小天线瑞利商形最优化问题的馈电布置，基于该方法实现了“多端口馈电的电小平面天线”；（2）研究并设计了多种性能得到改善的典型电小天线单元，例如工作区间得到明显拓展的法向模螺旋天线、匹配和效率得到明显提升的准各向同性辐射U形谐振天线等；（3）研究了新型电小天线单元在多种通信场景和应用例如射频识别、卫星通信、医疗可植入系统等中的特性。该项目的研究成果将为终端天线的设计特别是在馈电激励方面提供有效指导。.发表高水平学术论文10篇，其中SCI收录9篇，IEEE系列期刊论文6篇，申请国家发明专利2项并得到授权，培养博士研究生4名、硕士研究生8名，圆满完成了项目研究计划。