室内涂料与二氧化氮非均相光化学反应及其对室内空气污染的潜在影响研究

Indoor surface chemistry and heterogeneous (photochemical) reactions have a potential impact and pollution contribution on indoor air quality, but the relevant research of laboratory simulation and field observation is still very limited. This project will focus on solar and indoor light-induced (photosensitized) heterogeneous processing of indoor paints by gas-phase NO2 under the influence of different factors, as a potential source of HONO and VOCs in the indoor environment. A horizontal flow tube photo-reactor will be used to investigate kinetics, VOCs reaction products and mechanistic pathways of HONO formation from the NO2 light-induced heterogeneous processes under simulated sunlight and indoor lights. The influence factors including exposure time, thickness and surface grime accumulation of paints, temperature, humidity, NO2 concentration and the potential impact of indoor lights will be explored. Meanwhile, time-resolved measurements of NOx, HONO, and VOCs will be performed in real-life indoor environments after decoration, to compare with the HONO and VOCs that emerged from light-induced heterogeneous reactions of NO2 on the surface coating paints of indoor decoration materials. The impact and contribution of the secondary emission caused by the heterogeneous photochemical transformation to air pollution in the early indoor environment will be estimated. The studies will shed new insights into the indoor nitrogen chemistry and oxidation process of solar and indoor light-induced heterogeneous chemistry of NO2 in the real indoor environment.

室内表面化学和非均相光化学反应对室内空气质量具有潜在影响和污染贡献，但与其相关的实验室模拟和实地观测研究还很有限。本项目拟重点探讨室内涂料与NO2非均相光化学反应在不同因素影响下对室内HONO和VOCs的机制途径和潜在贡献。拟在阳光透射和室内照明光源照射下，采用流动管光反应器技术模拟研究NO2与室内涂料非均相光化学反应生成HONO的动力学过程、VOCs产物与机制途径，并探究涂料暴露时间、厚度、表面尘垢的累积、温度、湿度、NO2浓度以及室内照明光源等多种因素的潜在影响。同时，通过真实装修完毕待入住室内环境中NOx、HONO和VOCs同期在线观测值与室内装饰材料表面涂料的NO2非均相光化学反应生成的HONO和VOCs相比较，估算由室内装饰材料表面涂料的NO2光化学转化引起的二次污染对早期室内入住环境的空气质量影响和污染贡献。项目有助于完善真实室内环境中NO2非均相光化学转化的氮化学和氧化过程。

项目旨在探讨室内照明光源对室内非均相光化学反应生成二次污染的潜在影响，并探索非光催化“环保”涂料在室内不同光照条件下挥发性有机物（VOCs）和亚硝酸（HONO）生成、影响因素、机制途径与健康影响。项目结合实验室模拟和真实室内环境检测，阐明了室内空气中不同光源对涂料（光）化学反应生成的VOCs组分变化和HONO变化，以及参与以上反应的温湿度、NO2和O3变化；揭示了室内空气中不同光源、室内空气对涂料（光）化学反应二次VOCs和HONO生成过程中的潜在影响；估算了真实室内环境中不同室内光源下NOx对HONO的转换率以及表面涂料与NO2非均相（光）化学转化的摄取系数；评估了室内装饰材料表面涂料受（光）化学转化引起的空气污染对早期入住居民所造成的健康风险。项目首次发现装修完毕待入住的真实室内环境可受涂料的室内（光）化学影响，室内照明可促进常见“环保”非光催化涂料干燥后排放高浓度一次和二次VOCs，其中包含多种毒害大气污染物，严重危害装修后早期居住人健康，这进一步完善了室内光化学反应生成VOCs和HONO过程及室内空气污染的影响因素。此外，项目也探索了污染物的水-气界面反应和污染频发区域可能对室内空气的影响，以进一步揭示界面光化学反应和陆地污染源对大气污染的重要性，共发表SCI论文4篇。