基于认知和协同的航空频谱复用方法研究

As the rapid growth of air traffic flow, the volume of aeronautical communication increases exponentially. The air transportation system based on aeronautical communication faces the challenge of the high demand overrunning the limited system capacity. By breaking through key problems of the scarcity of spectrum resource and the complicacy of radio frequency interference, this project mainly studies the methods of multiplexing of aeronautical spectrum resources, dynamic spectrum access and cooperative utilization of spectrum resources, so as to increase the capacity of the wide band aeronautical communication..Main contents of this project are: .1. Mechanism of the coupling interference among datalinks and spectrum sharing of aeronautical communication, including characteristic of multi-dimensional distribution and the coupling interference model of aeronautical datalinks in time, frequency and spatial domain, the relationship between the complex interference and the spectrum sharing, the approach to approximate the spectrum capacity using cognitive collaborative optimization. .2. Multiple aeronautical datalinks integration for aeronautical mobile services, including behavior characterization and dynamic cognition of aeronautical multi-services, process optimization between multiple datalinks and aeronautical mobile services, software-defined radio model for cooperative service of heterogeneous data links..3. Intelligent cooperative networking for high density air space communication, including cooperative networking for aeronautical communication, evaluation of the networking and service capability based on distributed cooperative coding, novel aeronautical communication network framework to greatly increase the aeronautical mobile communication service capacity.

随着空中交通流量的激增，航空通信数据量成指数增长，以航空通信为基础的空管系统将面临有限的系统容量难以支撑大规模航空运输的难题。本项目以航空频谱资源短缺以及资源离散划分导致干扰繁杂为突破点，围绕航空多数据链、多业务并存的干扰复杂性，研究航空频谱资源复用的优化方法，探索动态频谱认知和协同利用的新方法，包括：1. 航空通信的干扰复杂性机理与频谱共享：研究航空数据链时、频、空等分布特性及彼此耦合干扰模型，揭示航空通信复杂干扰与频谱共享的关系机理与容量限，探索通过认知协同优化逼近航空频谱容量限的技术方法； 2. 面向航空复杂移动业务的数据链聚合：探索航空移动业务的QoS表征及动态认知方法，研究航空多数据链聚合与动态业务适配的过程优化理论，构建异构数据链协同服务的软件无线电模型；3. 航空高密区域的智能协同组网：研究基于分布式协同编码的组网与服务能力评估方法，提出显著提升移动服务能力的航空通信网架构。

本项目针对航空通信服务需求激增与航空资源严重受限的主要矛盾，将认知和协同融入航空业务、多元数据链及航空网络中展开深入研究。针对航空频谱利用不足的问题，提出了空地和空空数据链频谱感知和共享方法，并研究了频谱共享环境下的干扰容忍机制，并利用联盟图博弈提升频谱利用率；针对航空多业务和多元数据链匹配的难题，提出了基于隐Markov模型的航空业务识别方法；提出了基于软件定义网络（SDN）的数据链聚合和分配方法；提出了基于集成路由和资源池的业务和数据链匹配的航空空地通信框架；针对航空高密区域的协同组网问题，通过动态图模型建立了洋区高空高密区域的航空ad hoc网络，将动态拓扑转化为准静态拓扑，提出了航空ad hoc网络的三种传输方式和面向QoS的多流路径规划。完成论文8篇，申请专利1项，培养研究生2名，数据链聚合模块拟与科可瑞尔航空技术有限公司合作进行机载测试。