涡轮增压汽油机气路系统动力学预测与滚动时域优化控制

This project exploitsturbocharged gasoline engine airpath control development by applying moving horizon optimization considering challenges of multi-variables, multi-objectives, nonlinearity and constraints enforcement in engine control system. Motivated by the application of automotive engine control, this project focuses on the following common scientific problems of applying moving horizon optimization method in fast systems: data-physics mixed control-oriented modeling, low density dynamics prediction, reliable/fast online solver development and its real time implementation. Firstly, the data-physics mixed modular modeling method and low-density future dynamics prediction for turbocharged gasoline engine will be investigated; Secondly, an efficient online numerical solver for constrained nonlinear system will be developed; Thirdly, the proposed solver will be implemented by the embedded technique in terms of FPGA. With the application of the moving horizon optimization and its implementation in embedded system, the turbo-lag issue in the turbocharged gasoline engine is expected to be solved, and the smoothness of power output and drivability are expected to be improved. The achievement of this project potentially promotes the interdisciplinary research among mathematics, control and internal combustion engine, and broadens the application scope of the control theory.

本项目针对涡轮增压汽油机气路系统多变量、非线性、多目标及存在约束的特点，研究基于滚动时域优化的涡轮增压汽油机气路控制方法。针对滚动时域优化控制方法在汽车发动机等快速系统中应用时的共性关键科学问题：“面向控制的数据/机理混合系统动力学建模与低密度未来动态预测”及“约束非线性滚动时域优化问题的在线快速求解”展开研究，提出涡轮增压汽油机数据/机理混合的模块化建模以及低密度未来动态预测方法；提出约束非线性系统滚动时域优化控制问题的在线快速求解方法；给出基于FPGA的滚动时域优化控制算法的嵌入式系统实现技术。实现滚动时域优化控制方法在嵌入式快速系统中的成功应用，解决涡轮增压汽油机存在的动力输出反应滞后问题，提高动力输出平顺性及动力性。本项目的研究成果能够促进数学、控制及内燃机的学科交叉，拓宽控制理论的应用范围。

针对涡轮增压汽油发动机气路系统的非线性、多变量耦合、数据-机理混合描述的问题，建立了面向控制的涡轮增压汽油机气路系统数据-机理混合模型和基于神经网络学习的数据模型，提出了涡轮增压汽油机气路系统非线性滚动时域优化控制方法以及基于三步法的进气歧管压力和增压压力分层控制方法；建立了面向控制的汽油机冷却系统传热动力学模型，提出了冷却系统温度滚动优化控制方法；提出了非线性系统自适应鲁棒三步控制方法，实现了电辅助涡轮增压系统中辅助电机的转速精确跟踪控制。通过上述研究，解决了涡轮增压汽油机存在的动力输出反应滞后问题及系统性能需求之间的矛盾，提高了动力输出平顺性及动力性，同时实现了非线性滚动时域优化控制方法在汽车控制等快速系统中的成功应用，上述部分成果支撑一汽直喷汽油机电控系统的自主研发。