气候资源年内分配及气候异常对呼伦贝尔草地生产力时空格局的影响

Vegetation cover is an intuitive and ecologically sensitive indicator for the biological productivity of land surface, and the productivity is a key variable function and stability characterization of grassland ecological system, and also an important index to reflect the grassland ecological service function. Therefore, to analysis the spatial pattern and dynamic change of grassland productivity and the driving mechanism objectively and accurately is important to recognize the Hulunbeier grassland degradation status, and has the vital significance to improve the ecological function of grassland ecosystem. The project based on the remote sensing data of high resolution from 1981 to 2013 (1.1km), long-term monitoring data of grassland, meteorological observation data and livestock number statistics, after fully understanding the growth rhythm of different types of grassland, find out the different types of grassland on the annual production capacity with the largest plant growth critical period, build the regression equation between NDVI and grassland productivity, analysis the dynamic changes and spatial distribution of grassland productivity; analysis the different combination modes of main meteorological elements, and their distribution within a year, the seasonal distribution and interannual fluctuation effects on grass productivity, to explore the impact of abnormal climate on grassland overall productivity pattern and the continued effect; base on the analysis on the livestock numbers, to understand the drive mechanism, finally expounds the Hulunbeier grassland productivity change at regional scales.

地表植被覆盖状况对生物生产力具有直观、敏感的生态指示作用，而生产力是表征草原生态系统功能和稳定性的一个关键变量，也是反映草原生态服务功能的重要指标。因此，客观而准确地分析草地生产力空间格局及其动态变化的驱动机制，对认清呼伦贝尔草地退化状况，提高草地生态系统的生态防护功能具有重要的意义。项目基于1981-2013年逐旬的高辨率遥感数据（1.1km）、长期的牧草监测资料、气象要素观测资料、牲畜头数统计数据等，在充分了解不同类型草原植物生长节律的基础上，找出不同类型草原对年生产力贡献最大的植物生长关键期，建立NDVI与草地生产力之间的回归方程，分析草地生产力的空间分布与动态变化规律；分析主要气象要素的不同组合方式、年内分配、季节分配及年际波动对草地生产力的影响，探索异常气候对草原整体生产力格局的影响及延续效应；结合对牲畜数量的分析，最终在区域尺度上阐明呼伦贝尔草地生产力变化的驱动机制。

项目基于1981-2016年逐旬的高辨率遥感数据（1.1km）、长期的牧草监测资料、气象要素观测资料、牲畜头数统计数据等，在充分了解不同类型草原植物生长节律的基础上，找出不同类型草原对年生产力贡献最大的植物生长关键期，建立NDVI与草地生产力之间的回归方程，分析草地生产力的空间分布与动态变化规律；分析全球气候变化在呼伦贝尔的具体表现，阐明主要气象要素的不同组合方式、年内分配、季节分配及年际波动对草地生产力的影响，探索异常气候对草原整体生产力格局的影响及延续效应；结合对牲畜数量的分析，最终在区域尺度上阐明呼伦贝尔草地生产力变化的驱动机制。研究结果对认清呼伦贝尔草地退化状况，提高草地生态系统的生态防护功能具有重要的意义。