江浙优秀传统风景建筑尺度参数化研究

Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, where the main landscape geomorphic features are flat and far, are economically developed region in the Yangtze River Delta. In recent years, environmental changes lead to rapid changes in the traditional landscape pattern which has greater number of landscape buildings that have city image or landmark significance. There are successful cases created, but the problem is not uncommon. The traditional research method, which is mainly based on mapping and qualitative description, cannot meet requirements of subject self-discipline. This topic uses parametric study methods to guide the process from sensation to perception and rationality, from experience to science and quantity. Focus on finding the coupling relationship between excellent traditional landscape buildings and its environment to build theoretical research framework, this topic adopts the method of quantitative analysis and evaluation feedback to extract parameter factors from ‘building – environment’, combines the 3D visualization models with mathematical models, and integrates 3D modeling function of Civil3D and data output, ArcGIS data analysis platform, discrete mathematics models and statistical regression models to form an interactive research method, and builds a dynamic parametric association of ‘building – environment’to provide the technology platform which can be referred, compared, and applied for the ontology research and design of landscape buildings . The research result is both digital inheritance of the traditional landscape buildings, but also a reference for the creation of new landscape buildings, which has important significance in improving the scientific level of Landscape Design.

以平远山水地貌特征为主的江浙一带是长三角经济发达地区，近年来环境变迁导致传统山水格局急剧变化。其中具有城市形象或地标意义的风景建筑数量较多，创作有成功案例，问题也不鲜见。传统研究办法是通过测绘、定性描述为主，已不能满足学科自律性的要求。课题运用参数化研究方法，引导这一过程从感觉走向知觉与理性、从经验走向科学与定量。重点通过研究优秀传统风景建筑及其环境之间的耦合关系，构建理论研究框架，采取量化解析与评价反馈的方法，提取“建筑-环境”的参数因子，将三维可视模型与数学模型结合，整合Civil3D三维建模及数据输出功能、ArcGIS数据分析平台、离散与统计回归数学模型等形成交互式研究手段，构建动态“建筑-环境”参数化关联，为风景建筑的本体研究与设计提供了可参照、可比较、可应用的技术平台。研究成果既有对传统风景建筑的数字化传承，也为新风景建筑创作提供参考，对于提高风景园林设计科学水平具有重要意义。

课题基于多元化的技术，在理论与方法上做了深入的探索，构建了“建筑-环境”的参数化关联，提炼了参数指标区间，建立了风景建筑的尺度量化及综合调控体系，为风景建筑的选址、规模、设计及研究提供了可参照、可比较、可应用的技术平台。课题研究的主要内容包括确立并构建参数因子群，建立基于知觉体验与空间耦合的参数化模型，依托多元技术支撑平台，形成针对不同环境特征的指导性参数区间。研究成果既有对传统风景建筑的数字化传承，包括建筑选址及尺度控制数字化解析；也为风景建筑创作提供参考，特别是针对山地环境与滨水环境提出了不同的解析与评价思路，建立了基于空间承载量的风景建筑参数化指标体系。在针对物质空间对象的研究之外，课题还展开了从人的感知角度出发的技术探索，包括游线驻点及视线引导、可视域与融合度等；并且进一步考虑了建筑尺度与植物尺度的关联量化研究，构建了具有发展潜力的植物参数化数据库。课题成果对于传承文化、提高风景园林设计科学水平、形成全新的理论视野和基础研究思路具有重要意义。