非正弦供电多相感应电机切套减额运行性能研究

Multiphase induction motors for the electric ship propulsion system can be derated operation by cutting off sets of windings under the open-circuited fault condition or the light load condition. In order to meet the rigid power demand of the propulsion system in the complex derating condition, the following contents will be involved in this project: (1) the nonlinear magnetic circuit is researched by the distributed magnetic circuit method for the multiphase induction motor with non-sinusoidal supply in derated operation by cutting off sets of windings. The influences of the winding topology and magnetizing current simultaneous changes on the main magnetic circuit are studied; (2) The variable parameters dynamic mathematical model of the multiphase induction motor considering harmonic component in the derated operation by cutting off sets of windings is established. The magnetizing inductances are determined using 3-D interpolation methods and the leakage inductances are calculated using incidence matrices. The dynamic performance of cutting off sets of windings is studied and the operating mechanism of transient process is explored; (3) The improvement of the transient and steady state performance through harmonic injection is studied by the variable parameters dynamic mathematical model and variable parameters equivalent circuit. The influence mechanism among the motor parameters, harmonic injection quantity and operation performance of cutting off sets of windings is revealed; (4) By evaluating the total power consumption and efficiency of the propulsion system in the whole load range, the optimal principle of the phase number switching is proposed. Through the above researches, theoretical innovations are realized in the nonlinear magnetic circuit analysis, variable parameters dynamic mathematical model and transient and steady state operating mechanism for the derated operation by cutting off sets of windings. Therefore, this study has important scientific significance and practical value.

针对舰船多套多相感应推进电机缺相故障和轻载工况特有的切套减额运行，为满足切套复杂工况下推进系统仍可维持动力输出的严苛需求，本项目拟开展的研究包括：(1)利用分布式磁路法，研究非正弦供电多相感应电机切套运行的非线性磁路，探索绕组拓扑、励磁电流同时变化对主磁路的影响规律；(2)利用三维插值法和基于关联矩阵漏感参数计算方法，建立考虑谐波作用下计及饱和的多相感应电机切套运行变参数动态数学模型，研究切套运行动态性能并揭示其瞬态过程运行机理；(3)利用变参数数学模型和等效电路，研究谐波电流注入对切换瞬态及稳态运行性能的改善，揭示电机参数、谐波注入量及切套运行性能之间的相互影响机理；(4)通过评估全负载范围内推进系统的总功耗及效率，掌握系统相数最优投切原则。通过上述研究，在非正弦供电多相感应电机切套运行非线性磁路分析、变参数动态数学模型、动静态运行机理等方面实现理论层面创新，具有重要科学意义和实用价值。

作为舰船机动性的保证，大容量低转速推进电机是舰船综合电力系统最为核心的装备之一，对其可靠性和高效性的要求不言而喻。多相感应电机因结构简单、运行可靠，经多相化等优化设计后其转矩密度大幅提升，已成为第一代大容量推进电机的典范。本项目针对多相感应推进电机缺相故障和轻载工况特有的切套减额运行展开研究，以满足切套复杂工况下推进系统的安全可靠运行。. 首先，确定切套运行磁路饱和度不高于正常运行时基波、三次谐波励磁电流的取值范围；利用分布式磁路法，计算了电机切套运行工作范围内励磁电流与励磁电感关系，研究了绕组拓扑、励磁电流同时变化对主磁路的影响规律。. 其次，通过引入关联矩阵体现定子绕组实际投入、切出运行，计算了电机切套运行时的基波及三次谐波定子漏抗，通过三维插值法得到任意励磁电流对应的励磁电感，由此提出了多套多相感应电机切套运行通用的变参数T型等效电路。. 再次，利用变参数等效电路并结合螺旋桨负载特性，计算了切套运行对电机电磁转矩、效率、功率因数等稳态性能指标的影响，以及切套运行不同谐波注入控制策略和对电机切套动态性能的影响。. 最后，综合考虑正常运行和切套运行时电机本体铜耗、铁耗，以及驱动逆变器的开关损耗、通态损耗，提出电机驱动系统整体损耗最小的相数投切判据，掌握了系统相数最优投切原则，为电机驱动系统始终保持高效率运行提供理论依据。.通过上述研究，在非正弦供电多相感应电机切套运行非线性磁路分析、变参数数学模型、动静态运行性能等方面实现理论层面创新，具有重要科学意义和实用价值。