费托蜡催化裂化制超清洁汽油的反应工程基础研究

With rapid progress of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis technology in China, the related industrialization is promoted gradually with expecting 50000 thousand tons. The wax products could be converted to ultra-clean gasoline which has a bright prospect in the market, via catalytic cracking technology. However, it is not easy to obtain gasoline with high quality octane number and high selectivity in this way. The composition of Fischer-Tropsch wax is quite different from that of the petroleum oil. Therefore, it is hard to simply copy the traditional catalytic cracking technology into Fischer-Tropsch catalytic cracking process..We believe that the fundamental studies of catalytic cracking and modeling is still the key issue for technology innovation of wax catalytic cracking for gasoline production. Therefore, in this study we plan to go further on reaction mechanisms of wax cracking and coke formation, investigate the effects of coking on active sites and product selectivity, explain the secondary reaction of alkenes and the key factors in the reaction routes. The high-level-lumped kinetic models and riser reactor modeling will be developed on the basis of the studies. The modeling work would be used for better gasoline quality prediction, operating condition optimization, riser reactor design and guidance in industrialization process.

随着煤制油自主技术的不断进步，基于费托合成技术的煤制油产业化正在科学有序的开展，产能规划未来预期5000万吨。费托产物中的费托蜡经催化裂化技术制超清洁汽油的市场预期十分广阔，但想获得高收率、高辛烷值汽油产品并不简单。鉴于费托蜡与石油基原料的显著组成差别，费托蜡催化裂化很难直接复制传统石化行业的催化裂化技术。.申请人认为催化裂化反应化学的更深入研究仍然是费托蜡催化裂化工艺创新发展的根本要求。因此，本项目拟采用一种自制的循环电天平反应器结合在线快速取样分析装置，进一步探究费托蜡催化裂化的反应和积碳失活机理、探究积碳对催化剂活性位和主反应产物选择性的影响规律、揭示烯烃二次反应的路径和关键控制因素。在此基础上，开发费托蜡催化裂化高级集总动力学模型和提升管反应器模型，预测操作条件对汽油品质的影响规律，优化工艺条件，开展提升管反应器模拟，协助反应器开发设计和工业放大过程指导。

基于费托合成技术的煤制油初级产物费托蜡经催化裂化技术制超清洁汽油有重要的能源战略意义和现实市场需求。考虑到费托蜡与石油基原料的显著组成差异，其很难直接复制传统石化行业的催化裂化技术，需要针对性的催化剂开发和工程基础研究，以提高蜡原料转化率、汽油收率和汽油品质。基于此，本项目采用实验规模提升管反应器和一种自制的循环电天平反应器，通过多种模型化合物解析了基于β分子筛的烷烃、烯烃、环烷烃和芳烃的催化裂化积碳失活速率、积碳形成过程及积碳组成，阐述了积碳失活过程对催化剂孔道结构、酸性位和裂化产物选择性的影响机制，提出了费托蜡催化裂化的反应机理路径和多集总反应网络构造，基于并流上行提升管反应器采集了大量费托蜡催化裂化动力学实验数据，构建了费托蜡催化裂化八集总和十集总动力学模型，建立了费托蜡催化裂化提升管反应器模型（包括质量、能量和动量方程），估算了动力学模型参数并开展了提升管反应器模拟。该项目成果为费托蜡催化裂化工程基础模型提供了新的选择。.项目执行期间，发表学术论文2篇，培养博士研究生1名。学术论文包括Fuel期刊1篇和Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.期刊1篇。另外，1篇反应器专利正在数据整理和内容撰写阶段。