电发酵系统代谢调控机制与强化污泥酸化产氢烷

An electro-fermentation system (EFS) is defined as a bioelectrochemical systems (BES) in which EF controls self-driven fermentation. Compared to fermentation, a low current can trigger the fermentation process under unbalanced conditions, and the metabolite spectrum can be controlled by changing NADH/NAD+ balance and selecting specific populations in mixed bacteria electro-fermentation. Electro-fermentation (EF) as an additional tool can regulate any fermentation processes. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry out the study on the metabolic regulation mechanism of EF. The purpose of this project is to investigate the effect of interface conditions on the biofilm formation on the electrode surface, determine the interaction of bacteria and electrodes, bacteria and bacteria on the fermentation metabolites, and analyze the microbial community structure and function of the mixed bacteria EFS under different operating conditions. To reveal the mechanism of population interaction, explore the key microbial populations and functional genes related with metabolic regulation in the electrode biofilms and suspensions in EFS using metagenomic technology. The co-culture EFS was constructed based on potential interaction populations. The gene expression differences in co-culture and pure culture in electro-fermentation and fermentation processes will be compared based on transcriptomics and proteomics analyses to reveal the molecular mechanism of direct metabolism regulation of electro-fermentation. Development of a continuous-flow EFS to enhance biohythane production and acidogenesis using waste sludge and starch substrates, and to establish a directional control strategy for EF, which laid the theoretical foundation for the development of large-scale electro-fermentation systems.

电发酵系统是一种自驱动发酵的新型生物电化学系统，相对传发酵低电流可以触发非平衡条件下的发酵过程，通过改变NADH／NAD+平衡和混菌的种群筛选作用控制代谢谱。电发酵作为一个辅加的调控手段可以应用于所有的发酵过程，开展电发酵代谢调控机制研究具有重要理论和现实意义。本课题研究目的是考察界面条件对电极表面生物膜形成的影响，确定细菌与电极、细菌与细菌互作对电发酵代谢产物的影响；解析不同运行条件下混菌电发酵系统的微生物群落结构和功能类群；利用宏基因组学技术揭示电极生物膜和悬浮菌体重要菌群的代谢调控相关功能基因，揭示种群互作机制。基于潜在的互作种群构建共培养电发酵体系，利用转录组学和蛋白质组学比较共培养与纯培养在电发酵和发酵过程的基因表达差异，揭示电发酵代谢调控分子机制。开发连续流电发酵系统，实现强化电发酵污泥和淀粉等底物产酸产氢烷，建立电发酵的定向调控策略，为开发规模化电发酵系统奠定理论基础。

电发酵系统作为一种新兴的生物电化学系统，可以在低电流下调节氧化还原平衡来调节微生物代谢过程，从而实现种群筛选和代谢调控。电发酵作为一个辅助的调控手段可以应用于所有的发酵过程，亟待建立提高电发酵目标产物转化率的定向调控策略，因此开展电发酵代谢调控机制研究具有重要理论和现实意义。本课题考察了界面条件（电极电势，电极材料和不同底物）对电极表面生物膜形成的影响，确定细菌与电极、细菌与细菌互作对电发酵代谢产酸产氢烷的影响；解析不同运行条件下混菌电发酵系统的微生物群落结构和功能类群，探究了微生物电发酵过程种群互作机制；利用宏基因组学技术揭示电极生物膜和悬浮菌体重要菌群的代谢调控相关功能基因，揭示互养互作、呼吸互作及种间电子转移机制；构建纯培养（产氢产乙醇杆菌）和共培养电发酵（产氢产乙醇杆菌和电活性菌）产氢烷体系，利用转录组学比较纯培养与共培养在电发酵和发酵过程的基因表达差异，利用计算机模拟微生物电发酵过程中的生化反应动力学，构建动力学模型，揭示电发酵代谢调控分子机制；开发连续搅拌槽式电发酵反应器强化微生物电发酵污泥产酸产氢烷，优化系统运行条件（底物有机负荷、水力停留时间），实现强化电发酵污泥和厨余垃圾等底物产酸产氢烷，分析连续流电发酵产酸产氢烷系统生物膜和悬浮菌体微生物群落结构和种群互作机制，建立电发酵的定向调控策略，为开发规模化电发酵系统产氢烷奠定理论基础。在Water research，Environmental Science & Technology，Applied Catalysis B: Environmental，Chemical Engineering Journal，Biosensors and Bioelectronics等期刊发表学术论文33篇，其中SCI论文32篇,中文核心论文1篇，获得2020年黑龙江省科学技术一等奖，授权中国发明专利3项。