宁夏旱作区设施蔬菜废弃物处理还田腐解及碳氮转化特征的研究

According to the production features of Ningxia dry farming area, the paper has would studied on vegetable waste returning decomposition 、 organic carbon and nitrogen transformation and nutrient release characteristics , The effect of root of different vegetable seedling growth was researched after vegetable waste returning;The soil and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents、soil enzyme activity、influence on the next stubble crops growth was analyzed caused by vegetable waste returning. The experimental results can clearly the vegetable waste returning.decomposition and carbon and nitrogen transformation characteristics、the Soil carbon and nitrogen response mechanism、and the possibility for facilities soil biological improvement mechanism.Based on the experimental results, we can choose 1 ~ 2 suitable vegetable waste returning system which reduce fertilizer input in the premise of sustainable high yield、and ultimately provide the basis for the vegetable cleaner production and resource utilization of vegetable waste..The research will be published in Journal of academic papers from 2 to 3 grade, SCI the 1 ~ 2 articles.

以蔬菜废弃物资源化利用为目标，针对宁夏旱作区区域生产特点，研究蔬菜废弃物处理还田后腐解特征、腐解物有机碳氮转化特征，养分释放特征、对于不同蔬菜苗期根系生长的影响；废弃物还田后引发的土壤微生物碳氮含量、土壤碳氮含量、土壤酶活性、对下茬作物生长发育的影响以及相关关系，明确主要蔬菜废弃物直接和堆肥还田腐解碳氮转化特征、引发的土壤碳氮响应机制及对于设施土壤生物改良的可能性及机理，选择出1～2种适宜的蔬菜废弃物还田体系，能够在持续高产的前提下减少肥料投入，最终为设施蔬菜清洁生产和蔬菜废弃物资源化利用提供依据。发表学报级学术论文2～3篇，SCI论文1～2篇。

项目针对宁夏旱作区设施蔬菜产业特点，以蔬菜废弃物资源化利用为目标，采用盆栽和田间定点还田相结合的方法，研究了番茄和辣椒秸秆还田方式对不同蔬菜幼苗地上部和根系生长的影响特征，探明3种还田方式（鲜样、干样和堆肥还田）对茄果类和瓜类蔬菜苗期生长的化感效应差异特征；明确番茄秸秆晾干还田和堆肥还田、辣椒堆肥和堆肥与羊粪混合还田处理在日光温室种植番茄条件下的腐解率、养分释放规律、纤维组分和腐殖酸的动态变化特征；揭示了不同还田处理引发的日光温室土壤碳氮养分、酶活性和微生物群落结构响应变化机制，探索不同还田处理对日光温室土壤养分、生物环境的改良效果及可能的微生物调控机理，以及对番茄产量和品质提升的贡献；研究了番茄和辣椒秸秆堆肥与化肥复配对番茄产量和品质的影响，提出了堆肥与化肥配量减施应用方案。项目发表研究论文5篇，申报1项发明专利，发布1项地方标准。项目的实施为蔬菜废弃物肥料化应用、菜田固碳减排及清洁生产提供科学依据。