基于微结构二次调控的芳香聚酰胺复合反渗透膜耐氯改性研究

Aromatic polyamide thin-film composite membrane is the kind of most widely used reverse osmosis membrane with high separation performance, but one of the drawbacks which limits the widespread use of the aromatic polyamide thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane is their sensitivity to chlorine. The objective of this proposal is to improve the chlorine resistance of the aromatic thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane while maintaining or enhancing its separation performance through controlled surface grafting. The modification will be carried out under the guides of reducing chlorination sites, enhancing intermolecular hydrogen boning, as well as re-modulating membrane micro-structure. The surface grafting method will be studied and optimized in terms of the chlorination, hydrogen bonding and the relation ship between micro-structure and separation performance. The improvement of chlorine resistance of the aromatic polyamide thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane will be achieved through tailored re-modulation of membrane micro-structure by controlled surface grafting. The mechanism of the improved chlorine resistance of the modified membrane will be clarified by studying the function of the surface modifying layer as well as the change of micro-structure. The co-modulation of chlorine resistance and separation performance of aromatic thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane will be acquired by investigating the effects of surface grafting on the micro-structure, separation performance and chlorine resistance of the modified membrane. The study on the modification of aromatic polyamide thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane for improved chlorine resistance through re-modulating membrane micro-structure will provide new chlorine-resistant membrane materials for reverse osmosis and some guidelines for solution of membrane chlorine degradation.

芳香聚酰胺复合膜是目前应用最广、性能最优的反渗透膜，但耐氯性能差则是其应用的"瓶颈"之一。本项目采用表面可控接枝技术对芳香聚酰胺复合反渗透膜进行改性，通过减少膜表面氯化作用位点、强化分子间氢键作用和二次调控膜微结构，在保持甚至提高膜分离性能的前提下，提高膜的耐氯性能。以氯化作用、氢键作用、膜微结构与分离性能关系指导接枝改性工艺的选择，探究基于微结构二次调控的芳香聚酰胺复合反渗透膜耐氯改性方法；以表面修饰层作用和膜表面微结构变化为出发点，阐明耐氯改性机理；以接枝改性对聚酰胺复合反渗透膜微结构、分离性能、耐氯性能的影响规律为基础，建立膜耐氯性能与宏观分离性能的协同调控方法。基于微结构二次调控的芳香聚酰胺复合反渗透膜耐氯改性研究，将丰富膜材料改性的相关理论及应用实践，为反渗透膜分离领域提供高性能的耐氯反渗透膜材料、为膜学术界和工业界解决膜材料的氯降解问题带来新的思路和方法。

本项目紧紧围绕目前制约芳香聚酰胺反渗透复合膜规模化应用的关键科学问题---易氯化降解，采用表面可控接枝技术对芳香聚酰胺复合反渗透膜进行改性，通过减少膜表面氯化作用位点、强化分子间氢键作用和二次调控膜微结构，实现提高膜耐氯性能的目的，获得获得聚酰胺反渗透膜耐氯改性方法。系统开展了聚酰胺反渗透复合膜表面接枝改性对膜微结构的影响规律及其控制方法、聚酰胺反渗透膜微结构变化对膜分离性能和耐氯功能的影响规律以及反渗透复合膜耐氯改性机理等方面的研究工作。揭示了聚酰胺反渗透复合膜微结构与膜耐氯性能之间的关系，阐明了聚酰胺反渗透膜表面改性对膜微结构、耐氯性能等的调控机制，探讨了聚酰胺反渗透膜的耐氯改性机理，建立了基于微结构二次调控的聚酰胺反渗透耐氯性能与宏观分离性能的协同调控方法，成功实现了对聚酰胺反渗透复合膜的耐氯改性，获得了既具有高分离性能又具有较好耐氯功能的聚酰胺反渗透膜，获得了通用、简单、高效、易工业化的聚酰胺反渗透膜耐氯改性方法。.项目研究成果将为聚酰胺反渗透复合膜微结构二次加工和功能能调控提供理论指导、为反渗透膜分离领域提供具有较好耐氯性能的反渗透膜材料、为膜学术界和工业界解决膜材料的氯降解问题带来新的思路和方法，对于推动我国反渗透膜科学技术的研究水平具有重要意义。项目实施过程中发表SCI 论文5篇， 获授权发明专利1项，申请发明专利3项，培养硕士研究生4名。