干旱影响党参生长发育和药效物质代谢的生理及分子机制研究

With global warming, drought has become one of the major ecological problems in the world. Codonopsis pilosula distributed in the arid region, there may be the important effects of drought on the morphology, physiology and biochemistry, root yield and quality formation, but the effect and physiological and molecular mechanisms of response to drought stress is not clear. Based on this, by outdoor pot water control experiment, the change of morphology, yield and quality formation will be mansurating to study the effect of drought on growth and metabolism of active substance of Codonopsis; By indoor pot experiment to study the changes of physiological and biochemical characteristics, yield formation and pharmacodynamic substance metabolism, binding correlation analysis, to clarify the effect of drought on growth and physiological mechanism of pharmacodynamic substance metabolism of Codonopsis pilosula, while using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing combined with cDNA-AFLP analysis and data, construct the gene expression profile of Codonopsis and drought resistance difference, from gene expression profiles of functional gene screening, and cloning, and bioinformatics analysis and preliminary functional verification and expression pattern analysis. the aims are to elucidate the physiological mechanism of drought on growth and pharmacodynamic substance metabolism of Codonopsis pilosula, finally using correlation and path analysis, to reveal the molecular mechanism of Codonopsis pilosula on drought response .there will be a theoretical basis for the selection and cultivation of Codonopsis planting area resistance, high-quality and new varieties (lines) .

随全球气候变暖，干旱成为世界关注的重大生态问题之一。党参分布于干旱地带，干旱可能对党参形态结构、生理生化、产量和品质形成等有重要影响，但影响效应及党参响应干旱的生理和分子机制尚不清除。基于此，本项目拟通过室外盆栽控水试验，测定党参形态结构、产量和品质等的变化，研究干旱对党参生长发育和药效物质代谢的影响效应；拟通过室内盆栽控水试验，研究党参生理生化特性、产量及药效物质代谢的变化，通过相关分析，阐明干旱影响党参生长发育和药效物质代谢的生理机制，同时采用高通量转录组测序结合cDNA-AFLP及数据分析，构建党参抗旱差异基因表达谱，然后从基因表达谱中进行功能基因筛选、克隆、生物信息学分析、初步功能验证、表达模式分析，采用相关和通经分析，揭示干旱影响党参生长发育和药效物质代谢的分子机制。结果为党参种植区域的选择及培育抗逆、优质新品种（系）提供理论依据。

随全球气候变暖，干旱成为世界关注的重大生态问题之一。党参分布于干旱半干旱地带，干旱可能对党参形态结构、生理生化、产量和品质形成等有重要影响，但影响效应及党参响应干旱的生理和分子机制尚不清楚，基于此，本项目通过室外盆栽控水试验，得出以下结论：（1）分析党参生长发育与药效物质发现：适度干旱有利于党参健壮生长发育，中度以上干旱胁迫对党参生长发育具有显著抑制作用，但中度及以下干旱胁迫对党参药效物质合成具有显著促进作用；重度干旱后党参生长发育受到严重影响，药效物质相对含量较低。（2）分析药效物质与生理特性间关系发现：中适度干旱胁迫下党参通过渗透调节物质及抗氧化酶活性两方面共同作用抵御干旱胁迫；（3）通过高通量转录组测序分析，构建党参抗旱差异基因表达谱，且从中筛选了促进党参药效物质（总多糖、苯丙烷类、倍半萜和三萜类等）合成的差异基因，并通过qRT-PCR进行表达验证。通过进一步分析，发现了很有趣的事情，即干旱对党参总多糖的影响较大，因此重点分析了干旱对党参多糖的影响，并绘制了多糖合成的主要路径，也从中找到3个影响显著的差异基因调控的关键酶：RHM、UGDH、GAE。（4）对党参根组织的3个比对组（LD与CK、MD与CK、SD与CK）进行代谢组分析，筛选出差异代谢物，并对其进行分类，同时按照显著性筛选了20个差异代谢物。这为将通过分子手段调控党参药效物质合成及下一步深入探讨干旱调控党参多糖合成奠定基础。