复杂液压管系的半主动振动控制研究

The vibration characteristics of the hydraulic system are complicated. Few is researched about the hydraulic piping system vibration, under the condition of complex configuration, constraint and high pressure, therefore no Standard is unified. Traditional accumulator plays an important role in the hydraulic system vibration control, but it has a small range of absorbing vibration frequency spectrum. A kind of hydraulic accumulator with adaptive parameters has been invented by the applicant, it can adjust its own parameters according to the system condition in real-time, and has better applicability. But improvements still need be made as a semi-active hydraulic vibration controller for the invention. This project intends to carry out the research contents as follows: 1. Establish the multi-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model of hydraulic piping system, with the probability perturbation finite element method, and explore vibration evolution law under the condition of complex configuration, constraints, and high pressure; 2. Build distributed multi-sensor detection system and intelligent data fusion algorithm; 3. Study parameter contribution of vibration controller and path transfer probability for vibration transfer path in time/frequency range, by using sensitivity analysis and dynamic sensitivity technique; Research on energy dissipation law for the magneto-rheological fluid chamber of vibration controller, combined with the energy dissipation mechanism of friction; Optimize semi-active vibration controller to make it better for semi-active vibration control performance. The research results will lay theoretical and technical basis for promoting the study of complex hydraulic piping vibration propagation mechanism, hydraulic piping semi-active vibration mechanism, and the controller.

液压系统振动特性较为复杂，而针对复杂构型、约束和高压特性的液压管系振动研究较少，标准不统一。传统蓄能器在液压系统振动控制中发挥着重要作用，但吸收振动的频谱范围较小，申请者发明的参数自适应型蓄能器能够根据系统工况变化实时调整自身参数，适用性更好，但将其用于液压管系半主动液压振动控制，还有待完善。本立项拟开展如下研究内容：1.采用概率摄动有限元法建立液压管系多自由度非线性动力学模型，探索复杂构型、约束和高压液压管系的振动演化规律。2.建立多传感器分布式数据检测系统及智能数据融合算法。3.采用灵敏度分析和动态灵敏度技术，研究振动控制器参数贡献度和时/频域内振动路径传递度；结合微观摩擦能量耗散理论，研究振动控制器磁流变液工作腔能量耗散规律；优化半主动振动控制器，使其具有较好的半主动振动控制性能。所取得成果将为推动复杂液压管系振动传播机理、液压管系半主动振动机理及控制器的研究奠定理论和应用基础。

液压管路系统振动机理复杂，且对液压系统带来极大危害。针对复杂构型和约束的液压管系，开展了以下研究工作：1.基于液压管路流固耦合振动14-方程，考虑管路构型、约束、流体流动摩擦和系统工作参数的影响，修正了上述方程，提高了模型精度；得到了管路支撑参数对管路振动的影响规律。2.搭建了可组合液压管路振动实验台，并建立了一种多点多变量分层混合网络检测体系。3.创新性地建立了磁流变液阻尼器液-固-磁三场耦合动力学模型和Bingham-多项式模型；进一步建立了灵敏度分析模型，采用灵敏度分析得到了其结构参数、工作参数及负载参数对振动控制效果的作用规律。4.鉴于轴向柱塞泵是管路系统的主要振源之一，对轴向柱塞泵及泵口液压管路机械和流体振动机理及传递规律进行了深入研究；5.基于猎豹等四足动物心脏出口血管生物学结构，创新性地提出了可直接有效吸收压力脉动的仿生式液压管路。.研究结果表明：1.流体脉动频率、压力、流速和温度等均对管路振动机理有影响，此外，液压管路弯曲处振动应力更为集中；管系支撑数量、位置、刚度和预紧力等均对管路振动控制效果有影响，优化匹配支撑参数能够同时实现“支撑数量少、振动控制频率范围广”的双目标。2.磁流变阻尼器励磁线圈匝数、铁芯磁导率和外筒与活塞缸之间间隙对输出阻尼力输出灵敏度最大。3.轴向柱塞泵机械振动主要传递路径为：柱塞滑靴组件→斜盘→变量机构→后壳体，流体振动的主要传递路径为：柱塞→滑靴组件→斜盘→变量机构→后壳体，为泵口管路振动控制奠定了基础。.研究成果对复杂液压管系振动机理及传递规律、半主动振动控制及控制器设计奠定了基础，为液压管路支撑优化设计提供了理论支撑。研究成果在国产ARJ21-700飞机及大型飞机CR929液压管路系统优化设计及设计规范开发中得到应用，对推动国产大飞机发展具有重要的理论意义和巨大的工程应用价值。