轻质材料焊接与连接基础研究发展现状与趋势研究

Light-weight materials, such as high-strength aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, ceramics and composites, are expected to be widely used in the areas of aerospace and aviation, automobile industry and high speed railway. Welding and joining of the light-weight materials is a key procedure to produce light weight structures. However, as new materials come out and the requirements for the performance and service environment rise continuously, new challenges spring up in the field of welding and joining. Research on fundamental problems plays an significant role on the application of light-weight materials , such as novel heat/energy source, interfacial bonding mechanism, chemical-physical metallurgy, controlling of the joints molding, strength and stress relation in the joints, and prediction theory and methods on reliability of the joints. This project will carry out the research on the world-wide research status and development tendency of welding and joining of light-weight materials, and organize the academic forum to communicate the most leading edge fundamental problems in this area, and establish a technological route for the future development of the welding and joining of light-weight materials.

轻质材料，如高强铝合金、钛合金、陶瓷、复合材料等，在航空、航天、汽车、高铁等领域具有广泛的应用前景，是国家重点发展的新型材料。轻质材料的焊接与连接是轻量化结构制造的关键技术手段。目前，随着新型轻质材料的不断涌现，服役环境和性能的不断提高，使得现有焊接与连接技术面临新的挑战。焊接与连接新型热源/能源、界面连接新机制、物理化学冶金规律、焊缝成形及控制、接头强度与残余应力、结构可靠性预测理论与技术等基础问题对轻质材料的应用有着重要的影响。因此本项目将对国内外轻质材料焊接与连接领域内的先进技术的研究现状开展调查研究；通过召开学术论坛的方式探讨轻质材料焊接与连接领域前沿科学问题，促进轻质材料及其焊接与连接技术的基础和应用问题研究；最后总结分析该领域基础研究的发展现状和趋势，探索出一条轻质材料焊接与连接基础研究发展趋势的技术路线，指引未来的发展方向。

由国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部主办，哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室承办的第二届“轻质材料焊接与连接基础研究”中青年学者论坛，于2013年10月9日-11日威海召开。来自全国各高校与科研院所的80余名焊接领域的专家和学者就焊接与连接领域共同关注的科学问题，进行了广泛和深入的探讨。经讨论，学者们达成共识，认为未来的焊接学科发展的主流应当是以下四个方向。基础研究将向更深层次发展；交叉学科的发展在未来焊接学科中将扮演越来越重要的角色；焊接领域中的环境保护问题将得到更多的重视；中国的焊接研究人员应该加大力度在国际上建立我国焊接研究的声誉和地位。