往复活塞磁力导向的多场耦合规律及协同调控机制研究

Aimed at problems of serious leakage and low efficiency of the labyrinth piston compressor, a magnetic guiding scheme of the reciprocating piston is proposed in this project. With the help of this scheme, the reciprocating piston being supported with one end will be transferred to be supported with two ends, thus it can be well centered and the compressor efficiency will be greatly enhanced. The 3D transient mathematical model coupled with the piston dynamic, the labyrinth flow and electromagnetic control will be built. Interaction laws of multiple parameters of the piston eccentric movement, the labyrinth flow, and electromagnetic force will be revealed. Synergy regulated mechanisms of the compressor working condition and the electromagnetic control will be proposed. Afterwards, a multiple parameters feedback control strategy will be established and an efficient control algorithm will be proposed for the magnetic guiding scheme. On foundation of these researches, a theoretical foundation of solving the sealing problems of the large scale reciprocating compressor will be built. This project has wide application background as well as significant academic value.

针对迷宫压缩机泄漏严重、效率低的问题，本项目创新提出用于往复活塞的磁力精确导向定心方法，使活塞由一端导向、一端悬臂的往复运动变为两端导向的往复运动, 从而实现活塞运动的精确定心，显著提升迷宫密封效果。拟建立活塞运动场、迷宫流场、电磁场三场耦合瞬态数值模型，确定多尺度、宽范围变物性的多场耦合模型的求解方法。通过理论和实验研究，揭示活塞偏心运动、迷宫流动及电磁分布三者之间多参数的耦合作用规律，明确压缩机工况参数和电磁控制参数之间的协同调控机制。在此基础之上，制定磁力导向控制的多变量局部线性化三环反馈控制策略并提出高效控制算法。通过本项目的研究，为解决大型往复式压缩机的密封难题提供理论依据。该项目不仅具有较广的基础研究应用背景，而且具有重要的学术价值。

在国家自然科学基金的支持下，本项目研究了迷宫压缩机活塞的电磁悬浮技术定心导向技术。建立了活塞磁力导向系统的三维非稳态、变物性的运动-流动-电磁三场耦合模型，并对该模型进行实验验证。研究了活塞偏心运动规律，以及该偏心运动对迷宫流动、泄漏流量的影响。实现了多变量局部线性化三环反馈控制策略，建立了电流、速度、位移三环之间参数传递、反馈的控制算法及各控制器的传递函数。在不同工况下研究了各关键参数的协同变化规律。通过以上研究实现活塞运动精确导向。对实际压缩机活塞杆安装磁控系统后的定心效果进行仿真及实验，结果表明，安装主动磁控系统后活塞偏心位移减小98%。因此，本项目提出的电磁悬浮控制技术可以有效地解决迷宫压缩机活塞的偏心运行问题，实现迷宫压缩机活塞的精确定心，提高其工作效率。