天然气加热气化装置非稳态自然对流及介质参与性辐射耦合热流场研究

Heating and gasification process plays an indispensable and key role in gas application systems, thus designing and manufacturing energy-saving and efficient gas heating and gasification devices is an urgent problem to be solved in oil and gas industry. In-depth research on the heat transfer mechanism of heating and gasification will be carried in this project. Also an unsteady natural convection and participating medium radiation coupled heat transfer model of the complex flow state of the heat transfer medium is constructed creatively. The unstructured cartesian grid finite method is employed and thus these grids are fully body fitted accurately. Through the natural gas heating, heat transfer and flow test platform designed and constructed by ourselves and which is the only one in East China, the boundary conditions are calibrated and the correctness of the numerical analysis model can be validated experimentally. Based on the analysis on medium selection and the energy saving effect of the optimized structure, new efficient heat transfer structures with independent intellectual property will be obtained. The key calculation technology, flow field distribution technology and innovation of overall structural design, can be declared national patents accordingly. This project involves the interdisciplinary studies of engineering thermal physics and materials science. The expected research achievements will not only have very strong academic value and enrich the theoretical development of the subject, but also have strong engineering application value and lay a scientific foundation for the development of new energy efficient gas heating and gasification devices.

加热气化是天然气应用系统中不可缺少的重要环节，设计制造高效节能的加热气化设备是油气工业中迫切需要解决的难题。本项目深入研究加热气化传热机理，开创性地构建中间载热介质复杂流动状态非稳态自然对流及介质参与性辐射耦合传热模型，运用非结构化直角坐标网格全贴体精确求解。通过自行设计建造的华东地区唯一的天然气加热、传热流动试验平台，对边界条件进行试验校准并验证数值分析模型的正确性。在优选载热介质与分析优化结构节能效果的基础上，得出有自主知识产权的新型高效传热结构。其中的关键计算技术、流场分布技术以及创新整体结构设计，可申报国家专利。本项目涉及工程热物理与材料学科的交叉，不仅可丰富传热学科的研究内容，具有很强的学术价值，而且可为开发新型高效节能天然气加热气化装置奠定科学基础，具有很强的工程应用价值。

天然气开采和输送量是十分巨大的，也是长期的，目前天然气输配应用过程中，加热气化设备研制成了我国天然气推广应用的瓶颈，牵制了我国天然气工业的发展。本项目围绕解决天然气高效加热气化所碰到的关键问题开展应用基础研究，深入研究加热气化传热机理，开发计算模块，优选中间传热介质，优化炉体结构设计，其技术开发具有领先性。利用目前华东地区唯一的天然气加热气化多功能研究实验室平台，对边界条件进行试验校准并验证数值分析模型的正确性。通过实验数据计算整理得到不同温度下介质水和乙二醇的吸收系数。开创性地构建能够精确模拟中间载热介质复杂流动状态的三维非稳态自然对流换热及辐射换热耦合数学模型，通过理论分析、试验研究、数值模拟、物理模拟等研究手段获得了受热面形状、偏心率、载热介质性能、加热方式、导流尺寸等对传热流动特性的影响规律，结果显示：介质参与性辐射占总传热率的25%以上，不容忽视。在此基础上提出改善大筒体中间载热介质天然气加热效率的新方法和技术途径；在优选介质与分析优化结构节能效果的基础上，得出两种有自主知识产权的新型高效传热结构。其中的关键计算技术、流场分布技术以及创新整体结构设计，申请4项国家专利，已实审授权，发表论文13篇，培养研究生6人，项目成果转化及应用前景广阔。