基于环境认知的小型旋翼无人机群与地面网络的协作策略及性能分析

Because the wireless ad hoc networks have the advantages of easy deploying and self-organization, etc., it is widely used in the scenarios that lack of communication infrastructure such as disaster relief, etc. However, due to the hostile environment, the capacity and connectivity of wireless ad hoc networks are facing great challenges. The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are also widely used in scenarios such as disaster relief. Hence, when the UAVs meet the wireless ad hoc networks, novel changes will emerge. This project faces the challenge of wireless networking in the non-ideal and uncertain environment. The terrestrial wireless ad hoc network can transmit with the assistance of multi-rotor UAV network in the sky. And this project will use the method of environment cognition to achieve the efficient cooperation between UAVs and the terrestrial wireless ad hoc network. The main ideas of the project are as follows: Through the spectrum environment cognition, this project will construct the UAV network supporting broadband data transmission. The main task is to explore the UAV networking method based on the cooperation of licensed spectrum and unlicensed frequency. Then through the network environment cognition, this project will explore the UAVs assisted capacity and connectivity enhancement technologies for the terrestrial wireless ad hoc network. The main task is to build the UAV traffic offloading model. Finally, through the mobility patterns cognition, this project will address the delay tolerate data transmission method based on the storage and mobility patterns of UAVs. The aim of this project is to build the wireless ad hoc networks with high capacity and connectivity, and to provide the theory and technologies for the wireless network development in the era of "Internet of Everything (IoE)".

无线自组织网络由于具有易部署、自组织等优点，被广泛应用于灾害救援等缺乏通信基础设施的领域。但是由于恶劣的环境，无线自组织网络的容量和连通性面临极大的挑战。而无人机也被广泛应用于灾害救援等领域，因此当无人机和地面网络相遇的时候，就会给地面网络带来新的变化。本项目面向非理想、不确定环境下的无线组网的挑战，通过小型多旋翼无人机群构建空中网络辅助地面无线自组织网络的传输，采用环境认知的手段实现无人机群与地面网络的高效协作。项目主要思路是：通过频谱环境认知，构建支持宽带数据传输的无人机网络，探索基于授权频段和非授权频段协作的无人机组网方法；通过网络环境认知，探索无人机群支持的地面无线自组织网络容量和连通性增强技术，建立无人机网络分流模型；通过运动模式认知，研究基于无人机缓存和运动模式的数据传输方法。最终构建具有高容量、强连通性的无线自组织网络，为“万物互联”时代的无线网络发展提供理论和技术支撑。

本项目面向非理想、不确定环境下的无线组网的挑战，通过小型多旋翼无人机群构建空中网络辅助地面无线自组织网络的传输，采用环境认知的手段实现无人机群与地面网络的高效协作。项目主要思路是：通过频谱环境认知，构建支持宽带数据传输的无人机网络，探索基于授权频段和非授权频段协作的无人机组网方法；通过网络环境认知，探索无人机群支持的地面无线自组织网络容量和连通性增强技术，建立无人机网络分流模型；通过运动模式认知，研究基于无人机缓存和运动模式的数据传输方法。最终构建具有高容量、强连通性的无线自组织网络，为“万物互联”时代的无线网络发展提供理论和技术支撑。本项目执行期为2017年01月--2019年12月。本项目的预期成果是研究报告（结题报告）一份、培养研究生4-5名、发表SCI检索论文7篇、IEEE会议论文5篇、申请发明专利2-3项。在执行期内，项目组充分研究了三个研究内容，超额完成了项目预期成果。发表SCI检索/刊源论文17篇，发表会议论文16篇（其中IEEE会议论文13篇），项目负责人为一作获得授权专利3项。项目成果获得WCSP 2018国际会议最佳论文奖、IEEE/CIC ICCC 2018展示奖、第五届中国“互联网+”大学生创新创业大赛（北京赛区）二等奖等奖项。依托本项目协助培养了郭子俊、刘欣怡、刘书航、赵亚东、沈旭5名硕士生。这些研究生的研究成果与无人机通信和组网相关。并且在2019年12月12日，项目负责人获得北京市自然科学基金-海淀原始创新联合基金拟资助资格（项目名称：面向高效能数据采集场景的无人机基站关键技术研究）。项目组圆满完成了项目任务。