岩质滑坡临滑次声波的产生机理与特征识别技术研究

Landslide is a kind of natural disaster that is more harmful to people life and economy development of our country，hence technologies have to be studied for monitoring and forecasting landslide. It was showed in previous research that some infrasound waves could be obviously found at critical condition of rockslide, so infrasound waves will be a method for estimating rockslide status. However, it may interfere with the recognition and judgment of landslide status that physical mechanism of infrasound wave associated with critical rockslide was not clear. For solving this problem, we firstly will study dynamical model of critical phase of rockslide, then study a physical model of force coupling infrasound wave associated with critical rockslide. A fundamental radiation mechanism of the infrasound waves will finally be got. At the same time, based on the physical model we will study features of the infrasound wave associated with critical rockslide by analyzing infrasound wave signal from experiment and real monitoring in Chong Qing, China. This kind of infrasound waves will be recognized exactly based on previous research, and offer an effective technology for monitoring and forecasting landslide.

滑坡是对我国危害较大的一种自然灾害，必须对其监测和预警技术进行研究。前期研究表明，岩质滑坡在临滑状态会产生明显的次声波信号，因此次声监测可以作为判断滑坡临滑的一种技术手段。但是，岩质滑坡临滑次声波产生的物理机理尚不明确，这会对滑坡状态的识别和判断造成干扰。本项目针对这一科学问题，拟通过研究岩质滑坡临滑时的动力学模型，建立岩质滑坡临滑次声波力-声耦合机制的物理模型，从根本上探究岩质滑坡临滑次声波产生的机理。同时，通过分析滑坡实验和现场实时监测所获取的临滑次声波信号，结合之前研究的临滑次声波产生的物理模型，分析岩质滑坡临滑次声波信号的特征，并能够对这类次声波进行准确地识别，为滑坡监测和预警提供一种有效的技术手段。

滑坡是对我国危害较大的一种自然灾害，必须对其监测和预警技术进行研究。前期研究表明，岩质滑坡在临滑状态会产生明显的次声波，因此次声监测可以作为判断滑坡临滑的一种技术手段。但是，岩质滑坡临滑次声波产生的物理机制尚不明确，这会对滑坡状态的识别和判断造成干扰。本项目基于研究岩质滑坡临滑时的动力学特性，建立了用于实验的岩质滑坡临滑次声波力-声耦合机制的物理模型，开展了大量滑坡试验的声学与力学的联合监测，包括了滑坡过程中声与力学的联合监测，岩石剪切、压缩、拉伸试验中的声学与力学联合监测、滑坡原位试验等，在分析下滑力，土体滑动和次声波动强度规律的基础上，发现滑坡体在滑动-滑动力-次声之间存在良好的对应关系。研究了次声信号的若干分析处理方法及其在次声信号分析中的应用，对滑坡临滑前的特殊次声信号进行处理研究，为实现利用次声波对滑坡灾害进行监测和预警作前期的数据积累。通过分析滑坡实验现场实时监测的次声波信号，研究了岩质滑坡临滑次声信号的特征，为岩质滑坡临滑次声波的有效识别探索了一种新的技术手段。