微结构调控氧化物光阳极散射层研究染料负载和光俘获的协同效应

Light harvesting and dye adsorption have an important impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). It is known that an introduce of micro-nanostructure scattering layers to the photoanodes can effectively increase the PCE of the dye-sensitized solar cells, and a micro-nanostructure material can has adequate dye molecules to be attached due to its relatively large effective surface area. But if excess dye molecules are attached to its surface they could block the light scattering and penetration, resulting in a low efficiency of the dye molecule input. Thus it has been a key way to the increase of the PCE of the DSSCs, by designing micro-nanostructure materials that have the capabilities of high light harvesting and strong light scattering, as well as adequate dye molecules being attached at mean time. This proposal will design different micro-nanostructure scattering layers of Zn/Sn-based oxides, and the high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell micro-nanostructure materials will be obtained, through the study of the effect of different micro-nanostructure scattering layers on the PCE of the dye-sensitized solar cells. The study content includes: the design and growth of different micro-nanostructure scattering layers; the effect of different micro-nanostructure scattering layers to the light harvesting, light scattering, dye adsorption, and the lifetime of the electrons, as well as their mechanisms. After the study, the synergetic effect of the micro-nanostructure materials as the scattering layers with light-harvesting, light scattering and dye adsorption will be obtained, thus providing general theoretical support for the tuning of the micro-nanostructure materials with high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell scattering layers.

光俘获和染料吸附对染料敏化太阳能电池的效率具有重要影响。在光阳极中引入具有纳米结构材料的散射层可以有效地提高电池光电转换效率。纳米结构材料因其具有较大的比表面积可以负载很多染料分子，但过多染料分子附着在散射层表面会阻挡光的散射和穿透，降低注入效率。因此构筑能够满足具有较强光吸收和光散射，并同时能够附着足够染料分子的微纳结构材料是提高染料敏化太阳能电池效率的重要手段之一。本项目将构筑具有不同微纳结构的Zn、Sn基氧化物散射层，通过研究不同微纳结构散射层对染料敏化太阳能电池效率的影响，获得高效染料敏化太阳能电池散射层的微纳结构材料。研究内容有：不同微纳结构材料的生长与设计；不同微纳结构材料散射层对光吸收、光散射，染料负载以及电子寿命的影响及其物理机制等。通过研究，得到微纳结构材料作为散射层对光吸收、光散射，染料附着等的协同效应，为有效调控高效染料敏化太阳能电池散射层微纳结构材料提供理论指导。

本项目严格按照申请书设定的时间节点开展研究，圆满完成申请书设定的研究目标。在不同的衬底上实现Zn、Cu、Sn、Fe基氧化物光电极材料的可控组装，并通过物理、化学等表征手段实现对制备所得材料的形貌、表面态结构、能带结构、电子传输行为等性质的详尽表征，不断优化材料形貌及内部结构提高材料的光吸收效率、优化光生载流子的传输路径。将上述制备所得材料应用作为光电极材料组装三电极光化学电池，半电池测试其光电极的光电化学性能，研究其对对光吸收、光散射，以及电子寿命的影响及其物理机制。尝试将得到的理想的光电极材料组装染料敏化太阳能电池，研究其光俘获及染料附着协同效应的实验和理论研究，设计出具有高效的染料敏化太阳能电池的微纳结构材料。在项目研究期间第一作者发表论文SCI论文5篇，另有一篇文章接受。项目研究期间成功申请发明专利5项，并截止目前为止获准4项。本项目研究期间还独立培养研究生4名。