基于多点地质统计学的城市地质空间三维精细建模方法研究

Carrying out three-dimensional (3D) urban geological survey and building a “Transparent City” to serve the construction of smart cities has been the core task of a new round of geological survey in China. The shallow subsurface geological structures are extremely complicated, and the development and utilization of urban geological space has strict requirements for the 3D geological models. Faced with these challenges, the existing technologies are still difficult to fuse geological cognition and prior models and then to achieve 3D fine characterization and integrated expression of multiple-scale geological structures and attribute information. This project intends to comprehensively use various types of multiple heterogeneous exploration data obtained from urban geological surveys. We will implement this project following the three main steps: (1) Building fine voxel framework model; (2) automatic reconstruction method of 3D geological models; and (3) coupling expression of geological structures and attributes. This work aims to develop a novel and effective 3D automatic construction method of geological models based on geological semantics and multiple-point geostatistical theory and approaches. In order to realize the fine characterization and integrated modeling of multiple-scale geological structures and attributes in urban geological space, it is necessary to break through the key techniques such as integrated representation model, automatic reconstruction of 3D models considering geological prior knowledge, and structure-attribute coupling expression, etc. Using the exploration data from the urban geological survey of Fuzhou City, the 3D fine modeling practice of a typical area and the effectiveness of the technical methods and research ideas mentioned in the project will be verified. This work expects to further enrich and improve the core techniques and methods of multiple-scale 3D fine modeling of geological structures and attributes in urban geological space.

开展城市三维地质调查、打造“透明城市”、服务智慧城市建设，已经成为我国新一轮地质调查的核心任务。目前面对复杂城市地质空间结构分析以及精准化城市地下空间开发利用需求，仍然存在对地质认知和先验模型难以准确融合，进而难以实现多尺度地质结构及属性信息的三维精细刻画与集成表达等问题。本项目拟综合运用城市地质调查过程中获得的各类多源异构勘查数据，以“精细体元框架模型构建—三维地质模型自动重建—结构-属性耦合表达”为研究主线，发展新型的基于地质语义和多点地质统计学的三维地质模型自动构建方法，突破混合体元数据表征模型、顾及地质先验知识的三维模型自动重构、结构-属性耦合表达等关键技术，实现对城市地质空间多尺度地质结构及属性的精细刻画和集成建模。并在福州城市地质调查数据的基础上，开展典型区三维精细建模实践和有效性验证。本项研究将进一步丰富和完善城市地质空间多尺度地质结构和属性耦合的三维精细建模核心技术方法。

开展城市三维地质调查、打造地下三维可视化的“透明城市”，已经成为新一轮我国地质调查的核心任务。但是，面对异常复杂的城市地下浅层地质结构以及城市地质空间开发利用对三维地质模型的高标准、高要求，目前依然难以实现多尺度地质结构及属性信息的三维精细刻画与集成表达，更难以实现对地质背景、专家知识和先验模型的融合。因此，本项目重点开展了以下3个方面的研究：①创立了基于结构-属性一体化表征模型的三维精细体元模型构建方法，实现了顾及复杂地质结构约束的三维精细体元模型构建，为复杂地质结构及多元属性信息的融合和集成建模提供了载体；②提出了基于多点地质统计学的多尺度三维结构-属性模型自动重建方法，建立了基于多点地质统计学的地质背景知识、先验模型、勘查数据的融合建模机制，实现了复杂地质结构、沉积环境、多元属性模型的快速构建；③研发了城市地质空间结构-属性耦合表达及三维集成建模框架，实现了对城市地质调查过程中多源异构信息的三维耦合表达，以及城市地质空间结构-属性的一体化三维集成建模。通过项目研究形成了精细体元模型构建、三维模型自动重建方法、结构-属性耦合表达等关键技术，丰富和完善城市地质空间多尺度地质结构和属性的三维精细建模的核心技术方法体系。以福州市和深圳市基础地质数据为基础，建立了福州市和深圳市多尺度三维精细地质模型，有力支持了两市城市地质环境调查工作的开展。相关成果发表领域高水平学术论文10篇，申请国家发明专利9项、获授权5项，获批软件著作权3项；支持培养博士研究生1人、硕士研究生9人；项目相关成果应用于城市基础地质调查、城市地质灾害监控与预警、省域玻璃国土建设等重要工程应用，获得了省部级科技奖1项。