含瓦斯煤冲击破坏动力学行为及机制研究

Dynamic disasters of stress and gas coupling impact, such as coal and gas outburst and rockburst, become more increasingly serious and complex in coal mine. Studying on dynamics behavior characteristics and mechanism of coal containing gas impact damage is very important for safe and efficient production in coal mine. This project is planned to build coal containing gas impact Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) experiment system, by which the damage mechanics behavior characteristics of coal containing gas will be tested under the action of static load and stress wave. The relationship between static load, stress wave, gas and the confining pressure will be obtained. The research on gas radiation characteristics of vibration of coal/ impact damage under the action of stress wave can reveal dynamics behavior characteristics and mechanism of coal containing gas impact damage. Further, the dynamic constitutive relation of coal containing gas impact dynamics will be established and the critical condition of coal containing gas impact damage obtained. Based on the research results, the occurrence of coal and gas outburst process, the phenomenon of quantities gas rapid release, and the role of the gas in the process of coal seam rockburst will be explained, all which can be verified by the disasters and accidents data. The research has important theoretical significance and practical effects on further understanding and studying the mechanism of rockburst, gas dynamic disasters, and effectively preventing dynamic disasters of stress and gas coupling impact and guaranteeing safe production in deep coal mine.

煤矿受扰动发生的煤与瓦斯突出和冲击地压等应力与瓦斯耦合动力灾害日趋严重及复杂，严重影响煤矿的安全和高效生产，研究含瓦斯煤冲击破坏动力学行为特性及机制至关重要。本项目拟建立含瓦斯煤冲击破坏霍普金森压杆实验系统，测试分析静载与应力波作用下含瓦斯煤冲击破坏力学行为特性，获得含瓦斯煤冲击破坏与静载、应力波、瓦斯及围压的关系；研究应力波作用下煤体震动/冲击破坏的瓦斯放散特性；研究揭示含瓦斯煤冲击破坏动力学行为和机制，建立含瓦斯煤冲击动力学本构关系，获得含瓦斯煤冲击破坏的临界条件；运用研究结果进一步解释煤与瓦斯突出过程的发生发展过程及瓦斯大量快速释放现象，解释瓦斯在煤层冲击地压过程中的作用，并用现场灾害和事故数据进行验证。该研究对于进一步认识和研究深部矿井冲击地压、瓦斯动力灾害机理，有效防治应力与瓦斯耦合动力灾害，保障煤矿安全生产具有重要的理论意义和实践作用。

针对含瓦斯煤复合型动力灾害，建立了含瓦斯煤霍普金森压杆试验系统，研究了轴向静载、围压、瓦斯压力和动载荷组合作用下含瓦斯煤的动力学特征，分析了动态应力应变、动态强度、破坏应变与各因素之间的关系，证实了煤岩材料应变率效应的普适性，研究了含瓦斯煤动态破裂过程中瓦斯异常放散规律；基于应力波信号采集研究了煤体动态破裂过程中入射能、反射能和透射能演化特征，揭示了动载荷作用煤体破裂能量演化机制，结合高速照相研究了煤体破裂裂纹演化过程，确定了煤体破坏准则；构建了含瓦斯煤动力学本构方程，结合煤体瓦斯解吸、扩散、渗流和自由放散等控制方程组，建立了动载荷诱导含瓦斯煤多场耦合模型，应用于COMSOL Multiphysics推演了含瓦斯煤动力灾害形成过程，分析了动载荷诱导煤体应力异常特征、位移变化规律和瓦斯分布演化，有助于揭示深部含瓦斯煤动力灾害形成机制。