γ辐射场与磁场协同可控构筑纳米磁性金属有序结构复合吸波材料及电磁环境改善机理研究

It is urgent to improve the deteriorating electromagnetic environment, and therefore it is of great significance to develop highly effective electromagnetic absorbing materials. Controllable fabrication of nanoscale magnetic metal ordered structures and magnetic metal/dielectric composites can be expected to further improve the performance of microwave absorbing. However, magnetic interactions in magnetic metal increase the difficulty of the formation of ordered structures. It is challenging to break the interaction between the magnetic particles and assemble them into ordered structures as high-performance microwave absorbing materials. Moreover, conventional routes and present theories are unable to assist the design and massive preparation of microwave absorbing materials with ordered structures. This project is an interdisciplinary basic research of nuclear technology, electromagnetic science and materials science. In contrast to traditional techniques, magnetic orientation of nanoscale magnetic metals will be collaboratively oriented by means of "dual-field"(gamma irradiation field and magnetic field) to form new magnetic domains. By gradient regulation of "dual-field", nanoscale magnetic metal, alloy and magnetic metal/dielectric composites with ordered structures will be prepared through a one-step technique, with optimized microwave absorbing performances. In combination of the computational chemistry and electromagnetic wave propagation theories and models, the growth mechanism under the "dual-field" and the structure-property relationship of the as-prepared materials will be interpreted through systematic study of the structure, composition and electromagnetic properties. We believe this project can provide some theoretical and experimental guidance for the design and development of efficient microwave absorbing materials and their applications in improving the electromagnetic environment.

改善日益恶化的电磁环境迫在眉睫，研究高效电磁波吸收材料意义重大。可控构筑纳米磁性金属有序结构及磁性金属/介电复合材料有望进一步提高材料的吸波性能。但磁性金属自身附加的磁相互作用增加了有序结构形成的难度，使磁性粒子有序组装成高性能吸波材料的研究极具挑战，目前针对吸波性能来设计并可控地实现其大规模、有序制备是研究的热点和难点。本项目是电磁学与材料学、核技术交叉的基础研究，采用区别于传统方法的双场（γ辐射场与磁场）协同作用机理导向控制磁性粒子的磁取向并组装形成新的磁畴结构，通过梯度调控双场，一步法实现纳米磁性金属、合金及磁性金属/介电复合材料的有序组装，复合调控以优化材料的吸波性能；通过对材料结构、组成及电磁性能的系统研究，结合计算化学手段及电磁波传播理论、模型，揭示材料在双场下的生长机理、探究材料结构与吸波性能的内在联系，为高效吸波材料的研制及其在改善电磁环境中的应用提供一定理论和实验指导。

高效吸波材料的研究对我国的国防建设和社会生活都具有相当重要的意义，纳米磁性金属有序结构及磁性金属/介电复合材料的可控构筑有望进一步提高材料的吸波性能。但磁性金属自身附加的磁相互作用增加了有序结构形成的难度，打破磁粒子间相互作用并有序组装成高性能吸波材料研究工作极具挑战。本项目中采用区别于传统方法的双场（γ辐射场与磁场）物理手段协同导向控制微观粒子的磁取向并组装形成新的磁畴结构，通过梯度调控双场，可一步法实现纳米磁性金属及复合材料的有序组装并实现其吸波性能的优化与复合调控，制备高性能吸波材料；同时通过对材料结构、组成及电磁性能的系统研究，结合计算化学手段及电磁波传播理论、模型，从理论上揭示材料在双场下的受控机理、探究材料结构与吸波性能的内在联系。本项目针对具有重要民用及国防意义的吸波材料开展了核技术、磁学与材料学交叉的基础研究，通过系统的方案设计和实验研究探究了双场下纳米磁性金属有序结构及复合材料的受控机制，对磁性材料及其高效复合吸波材料的可控构筑具有一定的指导意义，并为研制高效吸波材料提供一定的科学依据。.通过本项目的研究，共发表SCI论文6篇，授权发明专利3项；项目负责人赵弘韬被聘为研究员，哈尔滨工程大学特聘教授，为黑龙江省政府特殊津贴，黑龙江省杰出青年基金获得者，还获黑龙江省科技进步二等奖1项。