高层建筑干挂石材幕墙地震破坏机理与性能化评估方法

Stone cladding system with dry connection measure consists of the stone panel, anchorages, dry onnectors, support frame, and sealant et al. Presently, it is the popular envelope system in tall buildings. Due to large selfweight, unstable mechanical properties, and simple details, the seismic safety of the stone cladding has become into a critical problem under relatively serious floor earthquake actions that passed from the main structure where the cladding was installed on. Hybrid simulation will be performed to investigate the damage behavior and the seismic performance of the dry connected stone cladding system. Firstly, to investigate the seismic damage behavior, a series of load bearing capacity tests and the numerical models of the typical components of the cladding system will be conducted to refine the simplified theoretical model which simulate the in-plane and out-of-plane behavior. Then, aluminum connector will be installed in the lab as the experimental model, while the rest of the components together with the primary structure will be built numerically in the computation platform. A deterministic relation is to be created between the physical component and the rest of the structural system. Through hybrid simulation, the thorough damage behavior and details will be reproduced and captured. Finally, the seismic demand parameters of the cladding system will be defined based on the performance based earthquake engineering philosophy, the service life and environmental factors will be considered in terms of construction and retrofit fees. This project aims to understand the nature of the seismic performance which dominates the seismic behavior of the stone cladding, and to establish a seismic performance evaluation procedure based on the performance based earthquake engineering. It will provide technical and theoretical supports to the communities that involve the seismic design and study of the identical building nonstructural components.

干挂石材幕墙由石材面板、锚固件、背挂件、龙骨和密封胶等构件组成，其种类多、施工快、易维护，是当前高层建筑中常用的外围护结构体系。石材幕墙自重大、材性不均匀、构造简单，在较大楼面地震作用下易发生破损，其抗震安全是当前迫切需要解决的关键问题。拟通过混合模拟试验，研究典型干挂石材幕墙全过程破坏行为和性能化评估方法：通过对典型构件的承载力试验和数值分析，揭示关键构件在幕墙平面内、外的受力变形特征；将铝合金挂件等作为试验子结构，主体结构等作为计算子结构，开展混合模拟试验，研究其在楼面地震作用下的受力行为，揭示石材幕墙结构体系全过程破坏机理；利用基于性能的抗震理论，确定幕墙结构抗震性能工程需求参数，考虑幕墙服役期限、经济因素等影响，以维护和修复费用等参数为指标，对其结构服役性能进行易损性评估。在明确楼面地震作用机理的基础上，提出基于性能的抗震安全评估方法，为类似建筑非结构体系提供理论依据和技术支撑。

干挂石材幕墙是当前高层建筑中常用的外围护结构体系，其抗震安全是当前迫切需要解决的关键问题。本项目以理论分析为先导，以试验研究为手段，以有限元分析为支撑，全面研究了干挂石材幕墙的地震破坏机理与性能化评价方法。先后开展了钢销式连接节点的承载力性能试验研究和有限元建模分析，明确了承载力破坏机理，建立了理想的承载力破坏模式和本构曲线，提出了承载力计算方法。通过对典型高层建筑楼面地震作用分析，探讨了其楼面加速度和位移需求，获得了具有代表意义的加速度需求和位移角需求参数。采用能力谱理论，提出了基于楼面需求谱的模拟地震振动台试验方法。选取了典型销钉式石材幕墙为试验子结构，安装于实验室内，主体结构等作为数值子结构，用OpenSees 来模拟，研究了其在楼面地震作用下的受力行为，考核和验证石材幕墙结构抗震机理。利用基于性能的抗震理论，对石材幕墙的抗震易损性进行分析，建立了幕墙抗震易损性曲线，并以经济投入和修复费用等参数为指标，对震损幕墙开展了性能化分析。研究成果可为幕墙类结构抗震性能设计和研究提供技术支撑，还可为其它非结构构件的抗震性能设计和评估提供借鉴。