原位光电离质谱结合激光加热研究升温速率等对煤热解产物分布影响

Fossil fuel accounts for the most of total primary energy consumption of the world. However, fossil fuel is non-renewable, the world will suffer the consequences of shortage of fossil fuel and the environment pollution in the near future. In China, coal reserves more largely than oil and gas, and accounts for the most of energy consumption. Since the wasting of energy caused by less efficient utilization is more serious than developed countries, it will be very important to develop coal liquification, gasification and other techniques. Pyrolysis is one of the most important aspects during coal conversion processes, but conventional and rough techniques are still used widely in research, and these techniques are also big obstacles for in-situ on-line detection of intermediate products, especially unstable products. With this project, a new method consisted of synchrotron vacuum ultra violet(SVUV) photoionization mass spectrometer(PIMS), supersonic molecular beam, and laser heating, will give a better aspect of in-situ on-line detection for unstable pyrolysis products of coal. The products distribution evolved over time will be also obtained to help understand generation and evolution behavior of pyrolysis products, verify and develop pyrolysis model.

化石燃料为人类社会提供了大部分的能源与工业需求，但化石燃料是不可再生资源，面临着能源枯竭问题。同时化石燃料的消耗也带来了环境污染问题。中国能源分布具有多煤贫油少气的特征，能源消费以煤炭为主，相对于发达国家，更面临低效利用造成的能源浪费问题。因此，深入开展煤液化、气化等煤化工的研究和开发具有重要意义。煤热解是煤液化、气化、燃烧等化工工艺中的重要基础过程，但目前对煤热解产物的研究仍然使用较为传统的技术，很难获得实时在线的中间产物信息，尤其是不稳定中间产物。本课题将发展一种结合同步辐射真空紫外(SVUV)光电离质谱(PIMS)、超声分子束取样以及激光快速加热的实验方法，实现对煤热解中间产物特别是不稳定的中间产物尤其是自由基的实时在线检测，获得煤热解产物在整个热解过程中的时间分辨信息，研究煤热解产物生成及演变过程，验证和发展煤的热解机理。

本项目发展了一种结合激光快速加热，在线Py-PI-MS（热解光电离质谱）和TG（热重）的实验方法，实现对煤热解中间产物特别是不稳定的中间产物尤其是自由基的实时在线检测，获得煤热解产物的定性和半定量信息，以及其在整个热解过程中的时间分辨信息。.本项目初期对激光加热系统进行了测试和改进，后期利用Py-PI-MS结合TG初步研究了不同粒径烟煤的热解特性。.本项目工作获得的实验数据将验证和发展煤的热解机理，为煤热解化工工艺提供实验和理论依据。.同时，基于激光快速加热技术，发展了特定分子热解通道的研究方法，为反应动力学提供了实验验证依据。