面向轮胎制动的沥青路面抗滑机理及路面摩擦系数预估模型研究

Skid resistance of asphalt pavement is closely related to driving safety. Insufficient skidding capability might lead to longer braking distance and even serious traffic accidents. This research, based on vehicular tribology, tire dynamics, dynamics of vehicle-road coupled system, and self-developed dynamic tire-road friction testing system, aims to:. 1).find out the changing mechanism of asphalt pavement friction coefficient with time, temperature and frequency, so as to establish the relationship between pavement viscoelasticity and friction coefficient under time-temperature coupling;. 2).Quantify different parameters highly related to pavement skid resistance by means of pavement texture testing;. 3).After studying the static as well as sliding friction between tire(tire rubber) and asphalt pavement, simulate a theoretical tire-road contact model and study the impact of non-uniform distributed load on pavement friction;. 4).By correlation analysis of the above steps, the major influencing factors on pavement friction shall be obtained, and then a tire braking-oriented estimating model of friction coefficient of asphalt pavement shall be established. Furthermore, such a model shall be verified by tire-rough road friction testing, thermal-mechanical coupling theory, and sliding-friction curve. Thus, the tire-road friction mechanism under multi-field coupling shall be identified. . This research is both scientifically and practically significant for anti-skid design and resistance estimation of asphalt pavement.

沥青路面抗滑性能与行车安全密切相关，抗滑能力不足将直接造成车辆制动距离增长，导致交通事故频发。对此，本项目拟以汽车摩擦学、轮胎动力学、车辆—道路耦合系统动力学为基础，以自主研发轮胎—路面动态摩擦测试系统为依托，研究沥青路面摩擦行为随时间、温度、频率的演变机制，建立时温耦合作用下路面粘弹性与摩擦系数的关系；通过路表纹理测试，量化各形貌因素关于路面抗滑的高关联度参数；研究轮胎/胎面橡胶与沥青路面的静态接触及滑动摩擦行为，构建胎路实际接触面积理论模型，阐明非均布荷载对摩擦行为的影响机制；通过相关性分析获得以上因素对路面摩擦的主要影响参数，建立面向轮胎制动的沥青路面摩擦系数预估模型；并在轮胎—粗糙沥青路面的摩擦行为仿真中，基于热力耦合理论和滑移率—摩擦系数曲线对预估模型进行分析验证，进一步明确多场耦合作用下的胎路摩擦行为机理。项目对于沥青路面抗滑设计方法及抗滑性能预估具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。

沥青路面抗滑性能与行车安全密切相关，抗滑能力不足将直接造成车辆制动距离增长，导致交通事故频发。对此，本项目拟以汽车摩擦学、轮胎动力学、车辆——道路耦合系统动力学为基础，进行沥青路面抗滑性能研究。首先对自主研发的轮胎——路面动态摩擦测试系统进行改进，通过滑移率的实时控制，以实现在室内对轮胎不同制动状态的行为模拟；在此基础上，研究沥青路面摩擦行为随时间、频率的演变机制，阐释了沥青路面弹性的充分改变对其抗滑性能的影响机理；对各类代表性沥青路面进行路表纹理测试，结合轮胎——路面动态摩擦测试仪进行胎路动态接触行为试验，提出各形貌因素关于路面抗滑的高相关参数；研究轮胎与沥青路面的静态接触及滑动摩擦行为，构建胎路实际接触面积理论模型，阐明非均布荷载对摩擦行为的影响机制；通过单因素分析、正交试验以及相关性分析，获得以上因素对路面摩擦的主要影响参数，并基于BP神经网络建立面向轮胎制动的沥青路面摩擦系数预估模型；随后，通过对ABAQUS的二次开发，结合MATLAB引入沥青路面纹理数据，构建了轮胎——粗糙沥青路面动态耦合摩擦模型。通过轮胎—路面摩擦界面接触行为分析，进一步明确多场耦合作用下的胎路摩擦行为机理。项目对于沥青路面抗滑设计方法及抗滑性能预估具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。