森林景观斑块耦合网络特性与结构优化机理研究

The forest landscape is a complex and open ecosystem, but the researches of forest landscape pattern and its dynamic on the stand scale ignored the function of the forest landscape, so it is not able to fully and accurately reflect the current situation and changes the rule of the forest landscape. This study uses the 3S technology and looks the forest landscape as the object based on the theory of systems engineering, landscape ecology, complex network, and etc. The coupling network model and the coupling weighted network of forest landscape patches were built through extracting "patches coupling body" from continuous forest landscape in the research area. Based on the above, to study the characteristics of this network and the change law of its entropy, to analysis the mapping relationships between the network indicators and the index of actual forest landscape pattern, to discuss the stability control mechanism of the network, to establish evaluation index system of the patches coupling network, to realize the network optimization and structure adjustment through the simulation technology, then put forward management measures on the landscape scale. This study will also provide a theoretical basis for revealing the complexity of forest landscape and constructing the mode of sustainable forest landscape management.

森林景观是一个复杂开放的生态系统，在林分尺度下对森林景观格局及动态的研究已不能够全面、准确地反映森林景观的现状及其变化规律，忽视了森林景观的整体功能。本研究以系统工程、景观生态学、复杂网络等理论为依据，利用3S技术手段，把森林景观作为研究对象，通过在研究区内连续的森林景观中提取"斑块耦合体"，建立森林景观斑块耦合加权网络模型，研究该网络的特性及其熵变化规律，分析网络指标与森林景观格局指数之间的映射关系，采用计算机仿真技术探讨网络稳定性，建立斑块耦合网络评价指标体系，构建森林景观斑块耦合网络结构优化模型，提出景观尺度下森林经营措施。为揭示森林景观复杂性、构建可持续森林景观经营模式提供理论依据。

森林景观是一个复杂开放的生态系统，在林分尺度上的研究成果不能够全面、准确地反映森林景观的现状及其变化规律。本研究把森林景观作为研究对象，在研究区内连续的森林景观中提取“斑块耦合体”，建立加权森林景观斑块耦合网络模型，分析森林景观斑块耦合网络的特性，采用计算机仿真技术研究森林景观斑块耦合网络稳定性，建立斑块耦合网络评价指标体系，构建森林景观斑块耦合网络结构优化模型。基于研究区域 201 个“斑块对”的外业调查数据，研究了不同景观类型的斑块边缘效应及其耦合作用大小，构建了基于森林景观斑块间耦合作用的加权森林景观斑块耦合网络，分析了森林景观斑块耦合网络的连通性、结构熵等特性，以结构熵为稳定性指标，探究了森林景观斑块耦合网络稳定性，为揭示森林景观复杂性、构建可持续森林景观经营模式提供理论依据。