高原建筑太阳能热电动态耦合过程研究

The research and application of solar energy utilization technology, such as photo-thermal and photo-electricity, has been deeply investigated. But for the coupled-utilization of photo-thermal and photo-electricity, there is no relevant research. The coupled-utilization of solar energy, when compared with the single utilization form, has more advantages and can achieve step utilization of solar energy, which will become the dominant direction for the solar energy research and application of plateau buildings. Therefore, a systematic and comprehensive investigation about the coupled-utilization of solar energy is carried out in this project through the combination of theory analysis, model experiment and practical measurement. Combined with energy using characteristic of plateau buildings, the dynamic coupled process between solar energy photo-thermal and photo-electricity will be studied first, then the impact mechanism of different factors on the coupled relationship between photo-thermal and photo-electricity is revealed. The dynamic mathematic model with multi-object and nonlinear characteristic is established and the simplified solving method which is suitable for actual project is proposed. Then the model will be validated against model experiment and practical measurement. The work carried out in this project can solve the basic problem between thermodynamic and electrodynamic system, which will provide a solid foundation for the application of solar energy coupled-utilization system.

太阳能光热、光电单项技术的研究与应用业已成熟，但尚未开展建筑太阳能光热、光电多技术耦合系统的研究。相对于太阳能单一利用技术，太阳能光热、光电多技术耦合具有较多优势，可有效实现建筑对太阳能的梯级利用，成为高原建筑太阳能研究与应用的发展方向。本项目拟通过理论分析、模型实验、工程平台试验验证相结合的研究方法，摸清高原建筑太阳能热电动态耦合过程，揭示不同因素对热电动态耦合过程的影响机理，掌握耦合利用系统相关物理量准确模拟计算方法，建立基于热电动态耦合过程约束的多目标、非线性、动态数学规划分析模型，给出符合工程实际的简化求解方法，并利用模型实验与实际工程平台进行试验验证。从而解决太阳能耦合系统的热力学与电力学基本问题，为太阳能耦合系统的推广应用奠定坚实的理论基础。

在项目执行过程中，课题组对申报书中提出的各项研究内容开展研究，通过理论分析、模型实验、工程平台试验验证相结合的研究方法，摸清了高原建筑太阳能热电动态耦合过程，揭示了不同因素对热电动态耦合过程的影响机理，提出了有效集热量、有效太阳辐射照度、准弹性多级蓄热容积系统的概念，发明了准弹性多级蓄热容积系统，分别建立辅助热源为热泵及锅炉时的太阳能能源综合利用系统优化评价的物理模型与数学模型，给出了符合工程实际的简化求解方法，提出了太阳能丰富区（Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区）典型公共建筑太阳能综合利用的优化组合模式，给出了典型高原建筑太阳能综合利用的节能优化设计指标，达成了预期的研究目标。