有机碳源下厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构与氮代谢途径研究

In recent years, Anammox bacteria have been proven to metabolize some organic carbon source in a relatively high rate, and this phenomenon extends the application of Anammox peocess in the field of wastewater treatment systems. However, detailed information about the characteristic of Anammox bacteria community in the process of organic carbon assimilation is still lacking as well as the mixotrophical property of Anammox bacteria. In this study, the characteristic of functional bacteria communities which uptake organic carbon in the Anammox process was investigated by DNA based stable isotope probing(DNA-SIP) technique. The nitrogen metabolism mechanism of the purified Anammox bacteria in the present of organic carbon source was analyzed by means of detecting NO emission and producing N2H4 directly from ammonium and NO through a variety of inhibition tests. The gaseous products from Anammox bacteria with plenty of organic cabon were analyzed by inhibition denitrifiers activities through Penicillin desage. This study could create useful information about the mixotrophical Anammox bacteria, and potential to find other functional microorganism that accrete with those Anammox bacteria, and will also be inclined to offer valuable guidelines for the wider application of Anammox process in the treatment of high COD-containing ammonium streams.

近年来，厌氧氨氧化菌高效代谢有机碳能力的发现扩大了其在污水处理领域的应用范围,然而对于具备同化有机碳能力的Anammox菌的群落结构及代谢方式的认识仍十分有限。本研究利用稳定同位素核酸探针(DNA-SIP)技术分析了不同有机碳源下Anammox工艺中同化有机碳的功能细菌群落结构；采用抑制纯化的Anammox菌活性的方式检测NO生成与积累，以及利用NO与NH4+-N合成N2H4的实验确定有机碳源下Anammox菌的氮代谢途径；利用青霉素抑制反硝化作用来比较分析有机碳源下Anammox菌气态产物变化规律。本研究有助于深入了解具备代谢有机碳源的Anammox菌及共生的其他微生物群落，对于指导和发现其他具备相同功能的微生物具有重要的意义，也为提升Anammox工艺、全程自养脱氮工艺在高氨氮有机废水处理中的性能提供有价值的理论基础。

厌氧氨氧化菌参与代谢有机碳是近年来生物脱氮领域重要的发现之一，这一特性扩大了其在污水处理领域的应用范围。现有的研究局限在于对具备同化有机碳能力的 Anammox 菌群落结构及代谢方式的认识有限。本研究利用稳定同位素核酸探针(DNA-SIP)技术分析了不同有机碳源下 Anammox 工艺中同化有机碳的功能细菌群落结构，分析了养殖污水的C/N值对一体式短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化小试工艺运行稳定性的影响。研究结果显示，含氮污水的C/N值对工艺的稳定性有重要影响，C/N值大于1.2均显著降低Anammox与Canon工艺的脱氮效率，有机碳源下占主体的Anammox菌属为Candidatus_Brocadia. 研究中还建立了利用改进型CARD-FISH技术在单细胞水平下观测水稻土中的Anammox 菌。本研究还建立了好氧反硝化工艺，分析了不同条件下的工艺的微生物群落与气态产物变化趋势，分析了功能菌耐冷机理以及氮源变化对工艺的影响。