Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence or metastasis after curative treatments remains a dominant obstacle for long-term survival; tumor microenvironment plays an important role in HCC recurrence or metastasis. The role of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) which was an immune modulator in cancer was largely unknown. In our previously study, we found that TIM-1 contributed to HCC proliferation, metastasis, and was associated with poor prognosis. However, whether TIM-1 participates in tumor immunity is yet to be known. Herein, we hypothesized that TIM-1 impaired the function of dendritic cell (DC) which contributed to Th1 to Th2 shift microenvironment, thus inducing HCC to escape from immune surveillance. To demonstrate this hypothesis, we used PCR array, western blot to screen the downstream signaling pathway of TIM-1. In addition, flow cytometry, siRNA interference, and western blot were adopted to investigated the molecular mechanism how TIM-1 contributing to Th1 to Th2 shift; Moreover, through protein array and mouse disseminated HCC model, we will gain insight into the mechanism how TIM-1 facilitating HCC to escape from immune surveillance. Eventually, clinical significance of TIM-1 was investigated by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. This study will elucidate how TIM-1 contribute to HCC recurrence and metastasis via immune modulation, which will shed light on new target hunting in comprehensive therapy of HCC, and decrease in HCC recurrence and metastasis.
肝细胞癌的复发转移制约患者的长期生存,肿瘤微环境在肝癌的复发转移中起重要作用。T细胞免疫球蛋白域粘蛋白域家族-1(TIM-1)分子除了参与免疫调节中外,迄今对其在肿瘤中的研究仍知之甚少。前期的研究结果表明, TIM-1促进肝癌的增殖及侵袭转移并预示不良预后,但TIM-1是否调节肿瘤免疫并不明确。为此,我们提出假说,TIM-1可能通过影响DC细胞并形成Th1向Th2转换的免疫微环境来诱导肿瘤细胞发生免疫逃逸。本研究将采用:1)PCR芯片、免疫印迹筛选下游信号通路分子;2)流式分选、siRNA干扰、免疫印迹探讨促进Th1向Th2转换的分子机制;3)蛋白质芯片技术、小鼠肝癌转移模型分析促进肝癌发生免疫逃逸的机制;4)免疫组化、ELISA分析其临床意义。本研究将揭示TIM-1通过免疫调节促进肝癌复发转移中的作用及其分子机制,为挖掘肝癌治疗中的新的分子靶点、降低肝癌的复发转移提供新的思路。
肿瘤微环境在肝细胞癌的复发转移中起重要作用。在前期的研究中,通过建立肿瘤细胞-间质细胞共培养模型,借助蛋白质芯片筛选出关键免疫分子T细胞免疫球蛋白域粘蛋白域家族-1(TIM-1),但TIM-1如何从机制上调控肝癌复发转移仍不清楚。项目围绕这一科学问题,从TIM-1如何调控肝癌复发转移及促进免疫逃逸、TIM-1下游趋化因子CCL24如何促进血管生成、免疫逃逸拮抗分子Chemerin如何抑制肝癌侵袭转移、免疫逃逸相关的免疫分子表型的临床意义四个方面,深入阐述其调控肿瘤免疫的机制及其临床意义。得出了以下发现点:1)TIM-1在肝癌侵袭转移和免疫逃逸中的作用及其机制:研究发现TIM-1高表达与临床预后呈负相关。体内外实验研究中发现TIM-1过表达后促进肝癌的增殖、迁移侵袭及肺转移能力。机制研究中发现,TIM-1通过重塑力学传导及骨架系统、促进肝癌细胞上皮间质转化(EMT)、激活IL-6/JAK/p-STAT3、FAK及eNOS信号通路来促进肝癌恶性行为,TIM-1可促使CCL2、CCL5、CCL21分泌增加招募MDSC和巨噬细胞瘤内浸润。临床转化研究中发现血清TIM-1是肝癌诊断的潜在标志物。2)TIM-1下游趋化因子CCL24促进血管形成的分子机制:研究发现CCL24与肝癌不良预后相关,CCL24在体内外实验中促进肝癌增殖、侵袭和转移。机制研究中发现CCL24通过VEGFA-RhoB信号通路促进肝癌血管生成。通过siRhoB干扰RhoB可逆转CCL24的表型。3)Chemerin重塑免疫微环境的表型特征及其机制:Chemerin是抑制肝癌免疫逃逸的重要免疫分子。研究揭示Chemerin可抑制免疫逃逸,Chemerin敲除小鼠Rarres2-/-表现为肝癌增殖和肺转移能力受到抑制。免疫机制研究发现Chemerin可通过抑制肝癌细胞NF-κB激活和降低GM-CSF、IL-6的表达重塑免疫微环境,导致MDSC减少和IFN-γ+ CTL的增加。4)免疫逃逸分子群的临床意义及潜在干预价值:利用CIBERSORT软件分析GEO和TCGA数据发现,癌组织内的Cluster主要以免疫反应耗竭(中性粒细胞T、TregP和嗜酸性粒细胞T)和适应性T细胞反应(TfhT和TfhP)为主。利用LASSO Cox分析筛选出5个预后密切关联的免疫指标,并建立了预测复发转移的免疫公式。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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