基于重力和连续参考站的祁连山地区地壳非构造负荷垂直形变影响因素分解研究

Currently, with the methods of the continuous monitoring of the earth diversified, the time-variant data of the gravity field and coordinate time series acquired through satellite gravity and CORS have covered more widely than before. Although this is helpful in knowing more about the crustal movement, the following questions remain to be answered: factors of the crustal vertical movement vary according to time and space; in the non-tectonic crustal movement, the percentage of the factors of the ground loading in non-tectonic loading crust deformation are different; various monitoring data can’t be effectively analyzed and distinguished. To answer the above questions, this study, by taking Qilian mountain areas, the typical alpine and drought Qingzang northeast area, as the research subject, and quantitative analysis of crustal vertical deformation as the research purpose, will settle the following problems based on crustal loading deformation theory: (1)The influence of barometric pressure loading on crustal vertical deformation will be studied. (2) The influence of land water loading on crustal vertical deformation will be explored. (3) The factors of tectonic crustal deformation in coordinate time series based on CORS will be stripped out. (4) The relationship between Grace gravitational field and land water reserve will be analyzed. (5) The data acquired from CORS and from GRACE will be integrated. (6) The percentage of the above factors with the changes in time and space will be established. The study, focused on the quantitative analysis of the percentage of the factors of non-tectonic crustal loading vertical deformation, is expected to provide theoretical basis and implementation methods for quantitative;research into regional crustal vertical movement.

当前对地球长时间连续监测的手段不断增多，卫星重力、连续参考站监测获取的坐标时间序列和重力场时变资料覆盖渐广，对地壳运动认识作用巨大。但是，不同时空环境下引起地壳垂直运动的影响因素来源不同，且非构造运动中不同地表负荷的贡献率不同；所以，不能有效地分解多种监测数据响应一致性的问题。为此，本项目拟以青藏块体东北缘高寒、干旱典型区域祁连山地区为例，以地壳垂直形变定量分解为目的，依据负荷形变理论对如下问题进行研究：（1）大气负荷对地壳垂直形变的影响；（2）大陆水负荷对地壳垂直形变的影响；（3）CORS站坐标时间序列中对构造因素的分离；（4）GRACE时变重力对大陆水储量的响应；（5）CORS和GRACE数据综合对比分析；（6）时空迁徙过程中不同影响因素的贡献率分解。课题将着重解决非构造负荷垂直形变过程中不同因素的贡献率分解问题，为区域地壳垂直运动定量研究提供理论支持和实现方法。

当前对地球长时间连续监测的手段不断增多，卫星重力、连续参考站监测获取的坐标时间序列和重力场时变资料覆盖渐广的现状，开展不同时空环境下引起地壳垂直运动的影响因素来源分解问题研究，主要包括（1）大气负荷对地壳垂直形变的影响；（2）大陆水负荷对地壳垂直形变的影响；（3）CORS站坐标时间序列中对构造因素的分离；（4）GRACE时变重力对大陆水储量的响应；（5）CORS和GRACE数据综合对比分析；（6）时空迁徙过程中不同影响因素的贡献率分解。研究表明，大气压时空变迁对GNSS站垂向形变的影响可达毫米级，均值3.9mm，最大形变量12.0mm，最小-1.6mm，最大最小值出现呈现出年周期变化规律。地面重力夏季增大，冬季降低。地壳产生年周期性的地壳垂直形变，区域形变幅度在5mm至10mm之间。海潮负荷也呈现周期性变化过程，但造成的地表垂向形变相对大气负荷要小,海洋潮汐影响对内陆区域影响较小，年变化为3 mm。课题解决非构造负荷垂直形变过程中不同因素的贡献率分解问题，为区域地壳垂直运动定量研究提供理论支持和实现方法。