基于动压支撑的超小型泵液浮机理及运行可靠性研究

Ultra-small pump technology, whose liquid floating mechanism and operational stability being important academic problems in the field of fluid mechanics, has broad application prospects in aerospace. The present research uses a combination of tests, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis in an attempt to reveal the internal mechanism of the influence of liquid film's bearing characteristics on ultra-small pump's running stability. Through a large number of experiments and numerical calculations, an optimized design method for the gap fluid passage of ultra-small pump will be established. A hybrid grid technology applicable to complex fluid passages with gaps and changeable boundaries will be developed, which is also applicable to unsteady DES simulation. Based on experiments of liquid film's bearing characteristics and further analysis into elements and inner mechanisms that influence the operational reliability of ultra-small pumps, assessment method of operational reliability and preliminary design guidelines for ultra-small pumps supported by dynamic pressure will be established. This project will provide not only worthy support for the stable operation of ultra-small pumps supported by dynamic pressure, but also a practical means to solve similar scientific problems by the hybrid grid technology it develops. This project further offers technical support to the reliability design of fluid mechanics system in China's aerospace fields, which is a key problem in academic and engineering application aspects.

基于动压支撑的超小型泵技术在航天领域有着广阔的应用前景，而该类泵的液浮机理及运行稳定性是流体机械领域的重要学术问题。本项目采用试验、数值模拟和理论分析相结合的方法，以揭示液浮薄膜承载特性对超小型泵运行稳定性影响的内在机理为目标，通过大量试验和数值计算，建立适合于超小型泵的动压液浮间隙流道优化设计方法；发展可应用于具有间隙的复杂流道和变动边界的混合网格技术，并应用于超小型泵全流道高精度DES模拟；结合液浮薄膜承载特性试验结果，深入分析影响超小型泵运行可靠性的因素和内在机理，建立基于动压支撑的超小型泵运行稳定性的评估方法及初步的设计指导原则。该研究不仅为动压支撑式超小型泵的可靠运行提供科学依据，研究的混合网格处理技术可为解决类似的科学问题提供实用性很强的手段，同时可为解决我国航天领域流体机械复杂系统的可靠性设计提供技术支撑，具有重要的学术价值和工程应用价值。

超小型机电系统在现代国民经济和社会发展中起到非常重要的作用，其研究是近年来反映一个国家高科技发展水平的主要标志之一。超小型泵是为这些系统提供动力的关键部分，在航天、医疗等方面有着广阔的应用前景。本文设计了一种新型的无轴双吸式超小型泵，通过试验、数值模拟和理论分析等手段对超小型泵的一些基础问题进行了系统的研究，为超小型泵的未来应用奠定基础。运用动压悬浮支撑原理，针对超小型泵的动压液浮间隙流道优化设计，通过数值方法对液体动压支撑系统的静态特性进行分析，计算结果表明，偏心率、转速对超小型泵叶轮转子承载性能的影响较大，进一步揭示了流动对泵的运行稳定性的影响规律。在泵运行可靠性与动压液浮机理分析方面，从数值模拟和整机试验角度，系统研究了液浮薄膜承载特性对超小型泵可靠运行的影响因素，建立可用于超小型泵运行可靠性运行的设计方法。项目执行期间，发表基金标注论文10篇，其中SCI检索7篇。通过项目研究，协助培养博士生1人、硕士生2人。