水电工程高边坡施工运行全过程稳定性演化机制与安全调控

Due to the complicated geological conditions, the strong influences by engineering treatments and the bad operating environments in the large-scale hydropower projects in southwest China, the control of deformation and stability for the high slope is critical for the construction and operation safety of high dam. This project intends to give an insight into the geostress characteristics, the toppling deformation behavior, the cause of deep fractures and the structures for the deep valley slope in large-scale hydropower projects. The geological evolution mode and the deformation-failure mode for the deep valley will be elucidated, and the classification of the slope structure and the method for determining the parameters will also be established. A constitutive model for the rock mass is then proposed to account for the excavation disturbance effect, the synergistic mechanism of the anchoring system and the evolution of permeability of rock in the water fluctuation zone. The excavation and anchoring process, the deformation and stability of the slope and the slope of the dam are then investigated to elucidate the mechanism of stability evolution of high slope. Finally, based on the standards, methods and the evolutions of performance evaluation, the design methods and the safety control theory would be proposed for the whole process of design, construction and operation, which provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the safe construction and operation of high slope in large-scale hydropower projects.

我国西南地区大型水电工程高边坡规模巨大、地质环境复杂、工程作用强烈、运行环境恶劣，边坡的变形与稳定控制是高坝工程建设与运行安全的重要保障。本项目以大坝枢纽区高边坡为主要研究对象，以边坡施工-运行全过程的变形与稳定性演化为研究主线，通过深入开展深切河谷边坡的地应力特征、倾倒变形规律、深部裂缝成因和坡体结构特征研究，阐明深切河谷地质演化模式与变形破坏模式，提出坡体结构分类及其参数取值方法；研究高边坡岩体开挖扰动效应、锚固体系协同作用机制与库水涨落区渗透特性演化机制，建立综合反映高边坡岩体工程作用效应的力学模型；研究开挖与锚固过程、大坝浇筑与蓄水过程边坡变形与稳定性动态演化特征和边坡长期变形对坝体安全的影响，揭示高边坡的稳定性演化机制，建立贯穿设计、施工和运行全过程的高边坡性能评价标准、评估方法、基于性能演化的动态设计方法与安全调控方法，为大型水电工程高边坡安全施工和运行提供理论基础和技术支撑。

我国西南地区大型水电工程高边坡规模巨大、地质环境复杂、工程作用强烈、运行环境恶劣，边坡的变形与稳定控制是高坝工程建设与运行安全的重要保障。本项目以大坝枢纽区高边坡为主要研究对象，以边坡施工-运行全过程的变形与稳定性演化为研究主线，通过深入研究深切河谷边坡的地应力特征、倾倒变形规律、深部裂缝成因和坡体结构特征，阐明了深切河谷地质演化模式与变形破坏模式，提出了坡体结构分类及其参数取值方法；研究高边坡岩体开挖扰动效应、锚固体系协同作用机制与库水涨落区渗透特性演化机制，建立了综合反映反映开挖、锚固、渗控机制的水电工程高边坡岩体时效力学模型；研究开挖与锚固过程、大坝浇筑与蓄水过程边坡变形与稳定性动态演化特征和边坡长期变形对坝体安全的影响，揭示了边坡-大坝-库水相互作用机制及高边坡的稳定性演化机制；研究高边坡稳定性演化评价指标与评价方法、基于性能演化的边坡设计方法、边坡监测反馈与安全预警方法，提出了水电工程高边坡安全控制策略、控制方法、控制时机与具体实施方案，研制了高边坡设计-施工-运行全过程的稳定性评估与安全控制分析平台。研究成果在锦屏一级、白鹤滩、两河口、拉哇、多诺等国家重大水电工程中得到了广泛应用，成功解决了高边坡工程设计和施工中遇到的一系列关键工程技术难题。