新疆优势资源恰麻古多糖抗肺癌活性及机理研究

Uyghur drug Qamgur(Latin name: Brassica rapa L. )is the plant from Cruciferae family with effects to arrange gas, stimulate the appetite, alleviate the aging. Qamgur is used Clinically for nourishing Yin and moistening lung, curing tuberculosis and toning up the health system. It's a long history that Qamgur,which has a significant effect and enjoys a high reputation and medicinal value. The study found that content of polysaccharides is high as 11.53% in Qamgur,with powerful anti oxidation effect . Lewis transplanted tumor models were used to study preliminarily on antitumor effect of Qamgur polysaccharides in vivo. And the result showed the tumor inhibition rate of the polysaccharides high dosage group was 55%, and that of the group using polysaccharides combined cyclophosphamide was 71%.so far 7 polysaccharides were got by methods of column chromatography and the monosaccharides and molecular weight had been studied. In view of the basical experimental, the study group intends to study the following: 1. Analysis the chemical structure of polysaccharide fractions by NMR、UV.2. Explore the effect of the homogeneous polysaccharides BRP1 and BRP2 from Qamgur on the proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of human lung cancer cell line A549 and its mechanism. Study the relationship between lung cancer micro-environment , body immune state and the cells CD4＋、CD25＋、Tr. Observe the pathological changes of cancer cell tissues by electron microscope.

恰麻古系十字花科植物芜菁 (Brassica rapa L.），有开胸顺气，健胃消食,抗衰老等功效。临床上用于滋阴润肺，治疗肺结核，增强体质。其在维吾尔医药中的应用历史悠久，药用价值显著。我们实验发现：恰麻古多糖含量高达11.53%，其多糖具有较强的抗氧化能力，建立lewis移植性肿瘤模型，进行了恰麻古多糖体内抗肿瘤的初步研究，结果表明：恰麻古多糖高剂量组抑瘤率为55%，多糖与环磷酰胺联合治疗组对肿瘤的抑瘤率为71%。目前用联合柱色谱分离纯化多糖组分，确定了其单糖组成及分子量。鉴于厚实的实验基础，课题组拟研究的内容是：1.采用NMR、UV光谱技术分析和鉴定多糖组分BRP1和BRP2一级结构。2.研究恰麻古多糖组分BRP-1和BRP-2对人肺癌细胞株A549细胞增殖，凋亡诱导，探索肺癌微环境和全身免疫状态与CD4＋、CD25＋、Tr细胞的关系，电镜下观察肿瘤细胞的病理学形态改变状况。

芜菁（Brassica rapa L .）十字花科、芸苔属草本植物，本草纲目记载其有开胸顺气、滋阴润肺和健胃消食等功效。目前临床上常用于肺部疾病的辅助治疗，疗效显著。课题组前期研究发现：芜菁多糖含量高且具有良好的抗肿瘤活性。故项目展开了芜菁多糖的分离与结构鉴定并围绕其抗肺癌机制进行了相关研究。重要结果和关键数据如下：响应面法优化了芜菁多糖脱色纯化工艺: 样品浓度1%，洗脱流速3.6BV•h-1，上样量0.75BV；分离得到了两种中性糖BRNP-1、BRNP-2和两种酸性糖BRAP-1、BRAP-2组分，并对两种中性糖进行了结构鉴定。芜菁多糖（Polysaccharides in Brassica rapa L,BRP）和两种中性糖及两种酸性糖均可刺激RAW264.7细胞增殖、释放NO、分泌IL-6和TNF-α 。BRP对人肺癌细胞A549的抑制可通过诱导细胞凋亡实现，具体是通过刺激细胞线粒体释放过量活性氧，引起膜通透性改变，同时上调细胞内促凋亡mRNA及蛋白Bax、caspase-3、p53的表达水平，下调抗凋亡基因蛋白Bcl-2表达水平。BRAP-2体内急毒证明无毒；BRAP-2能够通过增强免疫力、改善肺癌组织病变和激活TLR4信号通路关键蛋白TLR4、TRAF6、P-c-Jun和p65等方面抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌。通过本项目研究发现，芜菁多糖安全无毒副作用，具有较好的抗氧化活性、调节免疫功能和抑制肺癌作用。其相关理论和机制的研究可为后续芜菁多糖的研究提供基础。芜菁的大规模开发和利用将给产地农民带来一定的经济效益，可以发挥科技进步在改善民生和增进社会发展中支撑和引领作用，既能保障中医临床用药，又能推动中药产业可持续发展。