多层膜/基体系表面起皱行为及其皱纹形貌调控与应用研究

How to effectively prevent and make good use of the surface wrinkling of stiff-film/soft-substrate system is a great challenge for modern composite materials. In the present project, we will investigate systematically the influences of the parameters (e.g., the composition and structure of the film/foundation system, the properties of the materials, and the external stimuli) on the surface wrinkling modes of the multilayer-based film/substrate system. At the same time, a simple combined strategy of surface wrinkling with the boundary effect will be developed to fabricate hierarchical surface patterns on the multilayer wrinkling system. Based on the stress-relaxation wrinkle morphologies, the multilayer wrinkling system will be explored for application in the field of flexible devices. Furthermore, we incorporate the azobenzene-containing film as a surface layer to fabricate the photo-responsive multilayer wrinkling system. The light-exposure-induced reversible cis/trans isomerization of the azobenzene will be utilized to drive the light-controlled stress-relaxation surface wrinkle evolution. Here the underlying physics for the light-controlled surface wrinkle evolution will be revealed based on the experimental and theoretical results. Moreover, a simple and versatile strategy of light modulation will be developed for the fine tailoring of the wrinkled microstructures on the azo-containing multilayer systems with different functional films as the top-layer. Based on this kind of novel light-sensitive stress-relaxation wrinkle morphologies, the azo-based multilayer system is explored for new applications in the fields of light-tailored surface wettability, sensors, photonic devices, and so on. The project will direct the subsequent optimum design of the composites in theory, not only for preventing surface wrinkling, but also for the wrinkling-based surface patterning and broadening its applications.

如何有效预防和可控利用软/硬复合膜/基体系的表面起皱问题是现代复合材料学面临的一项前沿性挑战课题。本项目拟以多层膜/基体系为研究对象，系统研究膜/基组成、材料物性、外界刺激等参数对体系表面起皱行为/起皱模式的影响，为防止表面起皱而进行的复合材料结构设计/优化奠定理论基础；此外，基于表面起皱结合边界效应，进行多层膜/基体系表面高级皱纹图案化，并探索其在构筑高性能柔性器件方面的应用。进一步将偶氮组分引入表层膜中，构筑智能膜/基表面起皱体系；利用偶氮基团光致顺反异构化反应进行体系表面应力松弛型皱纹形貌的精细调控，考察不同偶氮膜/基体系表面皱纹形貌光调控演变规律及影响因素，结合理论模拟，深入揭示其内在物理机制；基于皱纹形貌的松弛特性和含偶氮膜层的光响应特性，进一步发展一种简便的光调控策略，实现多层膜/基体系中不同功能膜表面高级皱纹微结构的精细构筑，并探索其在智能超浸润表面构筑、传感等方面的应用。

作为一种常见的应力失稳形式，材料表面起皱现象是影响材料体系性能及使用寿命的重要因素；另一方面，表面起皱技术在材料物性表征、材料表面图案化等领域具有广泛的应用。如何有效预防和可控利用软/硬复合膜/基体系的表面起皱问题是现代复合材料学面临的一项前沿性挑战课题。在本项目中：1）通过表层引入偶氮组分构筑光敏性膜/基体系，实现了材料表面皱纹形貌的动态光调控和高级形貌图案的简便构筑；深入揭示了偶氮苯光致异构化引起应力松弛的表面皱纹光调控机制，开拓了智能皱纹体系在光可擦写信息存储等方面的应用。2）利用偶氮苯基元的多重光响应特性，激光直写获得了高纵横比和取向可控的表面起皱图案；实现了全光控驱动下表面起皱态和消皱态的可逆转换；该体系在软光子学领域展现出优异的应用前景。3）拓展光响应性表面起皱体系，分别构筑刚性偶氮大分子膜/基体系、偶氮苯小分子掺杂聚合物膜/基体系、含非光敏性组份共混聚合物膜/基体系，以及基于偶氮苯层/非光响应性膜层共同形成多层膜的膜/基体系，揭示了各种体系表面皱纹形貌的光调制内在机理，极大的丰富了光敏性材料表面皱纹形貌的高级性和多样性。4）开发了多重刺激响应性聚合物、含氟多元共聚物可控制备技术，为功能性多层膜/基体系的构筑及应用开发奠定了技术和材料物质基础。研究成果成功应用于光可擦写信息存储、防伪、超浸润表面构筑、传感器件、多功能表面和智能光学器件等领域；在ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces、Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.、Macromol. Mater. Eng.、Langmuir等期刊发表SCI收录论文9篇，获授权发明专利8项。