兼具贻贝超强黏附性和低表面能材料的构建及在棉织物整理中的性能研究

In order to solve the two outstanding problems of environmental pollution and durability of water repellent and oil repellent coating material used for cotton fabric finished at present. We will design and synthesis a new biomimetic multi-functional polymer containing short fluoroalkyl chains at the molecular level. And the biomimetic fluorine copolymers will have marine mussel superior adhesion properties, and they will be combined with the advantages of biological mussels and fluorine polymer. We will reveal the effectively reduce the law of polymer surface tension, effect mechanism and the influence law of the structure on water repellent and oil repellent properties through studying the effect of "umbrella" structure on surface properties of the polymer. The relations between dopamine monomer and mechanical stability, friction resistance, and wash resistance properties will be established. We will clarify the relationship between the structure and effect of adhesion and the mechanism of the functional element of mussel adhesive protein. This research is expected to provide experimental and theoretical support for solving the problem of pollution and short life of coating materials.

针对目前棉织物整理用拒水拒油含氟涂层材料存在的环境污染和耐久性能差两大突出问题。本项目提出在分子水平上设计、合成一类新的仿生型含短氟碳链的多功能高聚物；该高聚物结合生物贻贝和含氟聚合物的特点，得到具有海洋贻贝之超强黏附性能的含氟仿生共聚物。项目通过考察含“伞形”结构的单体与聚合物表面性能之间的关系，揭示有效降低聚合物表面张力的规律，阐明屏蔽作用对拒水、拒油性能的影响机理。同时，考察多巴胺功能单体对机械稳定性、耐摩擦、耐水洗性能的影响；建立粘附构效间的关系以及阐明贻贝黏附蛋白功能元的作用机理。本课题有望为解决棉织物整理用含氟涂层材料的污染及寿命短问题提供理论和数据支持。

棉纤维作为一种天然纤维，其生产量大，价格便宜，具有可再生性和生物可降解性等优点。由于棉织物具有较强的吸湿能力，非常易粘污，易吸附各种液体，影响其服用性能。针对目前棉织物整理用拒水拒油含氟涂层材料存在的环境污染和耐久性能差两大突出问题。本项目提出在分子水平上设计、合成一类新的仿生型含短氟碳链的多功能高聚物；该高聚物结合生物贻贝和含氟聚合物的特点，得到具有海洋贻贝之超强黏附性能的含氟仿生共聚物。结果表明，整理后的棉织物经10次水洗后，静态水接触角随着洗涤周期的增加而略有变化，但仍能保持良好的疏水性能，这表明整理后的织物具有优异的洗涤耐久性。此外，按照GB/T 3920-2008标准采用干摩擦法考察了不同摩擦次数对整理后织物接触角的影响。结果表明，随着摩擦循环次数的增加，静态水接触角略有变化。值得注意的是，即使经250次摩擦循环处理后，仍能表现出良好的拒水性能。此外，以该项目的研究成果为基础，还进行了拓展研究，取得了一些显著进展，为棉织物的仿生改性提供了一些方法。