AlxGa1-xN和AlN@GaN纳米纤维的设计合成与光学性质研究

III-nitride alloy materials have received much attention for their unique optical, electronic and chemical properties and potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. For example, the AlInGaN alloy offers the potential for using one stable single crystalline material to obtain band gap energies from 0.64 eV to 6.2 eV simply by adjusting its cation stoichiometry. So it is necessary to develop a new synthesis method which can accurately control the content of each component. Fortunately, electrospinning technology is very easy to achieve precise control of the composition. Nanofiber with a fixed composition can be obtained simply by controlling the concentration of each component in the electrospinning solution. .　　This proposal aims to develop a practical method for the synthesis of III-nitride alloy nanofibers by a combination of electrospinning and heat treatment technology. The proposal has three specific aims. Specific Aim 1 is to develop a general strategy for the synthesis of III-nitride materials such as AlN, GaN and AlxGa1-xN nanofibers. Specific Aim 2 is to develop a practical method for the synthesis of coaxial multilayer III-nitride materials through modified electrospinning equipment. For example, AlN@GaN nanomaterial will be prepared by using coaxial multiple nozzles instead of the single-nozzle. Specific Aim 3 is to study the relationship between structures, chemical composition and optical properties of these materials. The studies will rich the synthesis of III-nitride materials, and it can also promote the application of such functional materials.

Ⅲ族氮化物合金材料在光电器件方面有诱人的应用前景，如调节 GaN、InN 和 AlN 这三种材料的合金组分就可以获得从 0.64eV到 6.2eV 的连续直接带隙。所以发展一种能精确控制材料各组分含量的合成方法是非常有必要的。基于溶液相的静电纺丝技术，就很容易实现对组成成分的精确控制，只要在纺丝溶液中对各组分的浓度进行控制，就可以获得固定组分的纳米纤维材料。. 本申请旨在发展用静电纺丝和氨化热处理相结合的技术制备Ⅲ族氮化物纳米纤维，主要内容包括三个方面：一、制备GaN、AlN和AlxGa1-xN纳米纤维；二、改进静电纺丝实验装置, 用同轴多重喷嘴代替传统的单喷嘴, 制备AlN@GaN纳米纤维；三、研究纳米纤维材料的结构、组成与光学性质的关系。本研究可丰富Ⅲ族氮化物纳米纤维材料的合成领域，也可推进该类功能材料的应用。

以GaN为代表的金属氮化物纳米材料在半导体发光、光催化、储能等利用具有重要应用，本项目在有工作的基础上主要进行了一下几个方面的研究：a. 以静电纺丝技术为基础，探索了以GaN为代表的金属氮化物一维纳米材料的制备方法，优化了技术方案。b. 在上述结果的基础上，探索了二元金属氮化物复合纳米纤维的制备方法，不仅研究了相关金属氮化物纳米材料的光学、超导性能，而且还研究了贵金属修饰对GaN材料光学性质的影响，并成功应用于光催化领域。c. 拓展了在过渡金属氧化物、二元过渡金属氧化物制备、修饰及其在光电领域的应用研究。本项目取得了优异的成果，完成预期研究目标，结果主要反映在发表13篇SCI收录论文(其中一区2篇，二区9篇)，授权发明专利7项。