双圆极化无源无芯毫米波识别系统研究

Millimeter-wave identification comes from radio-frequency identification, with more advanced technology and the trend of the future, because of the wider bandwidth, smaller hardware size, and higher data speed in millimeter-wave band. A chipless millimeter-wave identification system with dual circular polarization is proposed, which does not require the precognition of the polarization of tags, in order to solve the problem in conventional systems which is the reading error due to the polarization alignment of tags; besides, this tag does not need expensive millimeter-wave chip so as to reduce the cost; and it achieves high isolation between the transmitting and receiving ports by using dual circularly polarized antenna in the reader. This project will research as follows: (1) employing the sequential rotated feed and shared radiation patches to improve the circularly polarized performance and port isolation of the planar microstrip antenna; (2) improving the coding ability of chipless millimeter-wave tags with compact size; and (3) realizing the co-design, co-simulation, as well as the precision measurement of the proposed identification system. In all, this research will push the applications of millimeter-wave technology in the 5G communication systems and platform of the Internet of Things.

毫米波识别技术源于射频识别，是技术进步更是一种未来发展趋势，因为毫米波频段可用带宽更宽、硬件尺寸更小、传输速率更快。本项目提出的新型双圆极化无源无芯毫米波识别系统，读取无需预知标签的极化方向，可解决现有传统系统因标签对准误差导致读取不准确、信息解码有误的难题；无需昂贵的毫米波芯片，减小了标签成本；同时阅读器采用双圆极化收发天线，端口隔离度高。本项目拟开展如下创新研究：（1）利用连续旋转馈电和共享辐射单元提高平面微带阵列天线的双圆极化性能、收发隔离度；（2）增大小尺寸无源无芯毫米波标签的编码能力；以及（3）实现毫米波识别系统的协同设计、一体化仿真、和精确测量。本项目对毫米波识别技术的研究将推动毫米波技术在5G系统与网联网IoT平台的应用。

本项目研究了双圆极化无源无芯毫米波识别系统，通过采用双圆极化的收发天线系统，提高了收发隔离度，降低了对标签极化方向的敏感度，有效解决传统系统存在的读取及解码误差问题。通过设计无需芯片的无源标签，减小了标签尺寸，降低了标签成本。主要研究成果包括：（1）设计了基于连续旋转馈电和共享辐射单元的微带双圆极化收发阵列天线，并通过在左、右旋圆极化天线阵列中加入高阻抗表面结构进一步提高收发隔离度；（2）分别设计了基于高阻抗表面及四分之一模基片集成波导的紧凑形无源无芯标签，验证了通过引入多谐振结构提高编码能力的可行性方案；（3）通过建模无源无芯标签、后向散射特性及系统链路，实现了识别系统的协同设计。本项目将推动毫米波识别技术在5G系统中的深入应用。