我国产业政策评估研究

This project is fundamentally grounded on micro data at firm and product levels. Taking an angel of the dynamics of spatial allocation efficiency of production inputs, it assesses industrial policy evaluations by combining the micro data with regional spatial structures as well as macro data. The project mainly includes: (1) data issues. We completely cleansed and merged the "Chinese industrial enterprises database" and the firm-level import and export declaration database provided by the China Customs. We also collected data of industrial development schemes at national, provincial, and prefectural levels, and tariff and tax rebate data at the product level. Based on our past works, we also initiated special follow-up investigations on local governments and enterprises, in order to establish a featured database for fundamental studies. (2) measurement issues regarding to resource allocation efficiency and its dynamics. We calculated the total factor productivity at the firm level with standard methods, and decomposed its growth to different sources with theoretical bases. We also measured the extent of changes in resource allocation efficiency, and its difference across different industries and regions. (3) definition of industrial policies and its enforcement. Industrial policies are bifurcated: macro and micro. Macro policies are strategies and targets of industrial development in national, provincial, and perfectural five-year plans. Micro policies are mainly about firms and products, such as preferential taxation, subsidies, tariff, and export tax rebates. (4) industrial policy evaluations, national and regional perspectives. (5) policy implications and coping strategies.

本课题以中国企业和产品层面微观数据为基础，基于配置效率变化的视角研究产业政策评估问题。主要内容如下：（1）数据问题。整理《中国工业企业数据库》和海关企业层面进出口报关数据库，并实现两库对接；收集国家、省和地市级产业发展规划数据；收集产品层面关税和退税数据；开展地方政府调研，构建特色基础数据库。（2）资源配置效率及其变化的度量问题。规范计算企业全要素生产率；从理论上对生产率增长的来源进行分解，度量资源配置效率变化的程度；研究产业间、区域间资源配置效率变化程度的差异问题。（3）从宏观（产业规划）和微观（税收优惠、补贴、关税、退税等）两个层面研究资源配置效率与产业政策的关系，对产业政策实施效果做详细评估研究。（4）产业政策实施效果的外部约束条件研究。（5）政策含义与对策研究，讨论本课题研究与我国产业升级与结构调整的关系。

本课题负责人为北京大学国家发展研究院姚洋教授，课题组核心成员包括邹静娴、申广军、徐腾、刘亚琳等。姚洋教授为北京大学大学国家发展研究院院长，长江学者特聘教授。邹静娴为姚洋教授指导毕业博士生，现为中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院讲师。申广军为姚洋教授指导毕业博士生，现为中山大学岭南学院副教授。徐腾为姚洋教授指导毕业博士生。刘亚琳为姚洋教授指导在读博士生。.四年来，本课题组已经较为圆满的完成了各项预定研究任务，并在陆续开展若干后续研究任务。本课题以中国企业和产品层面微观数据为基础，基于配置效率变化的视角研究产业政策评估问题。主要内容如下：（1）数据问题。整理《中国工业企业数据库》和海关企业层面进出口报关数据库，并实现两库对接；收集国家、省和地市级产业发展规划数据；收集产品层面关税和退税数据；开展地方政府调研，构建特色基础数据库。（2）资源配置效率及其变化的度量问题。规范计算企业全要素生产率；从理论上对生产率增长的来源进行分解，度量资源配置效率变化的程度；研究产业间、区域间资源配置效率变化程度的差异问题。（3）从宏观（产业规划）和微观（税收优惠、补贴、关税、退税等）两个层面研究资源配置效率与产业政策的关系，对产业政策实施效果做详细评估研究。（4）产业政策实施效果的外部约束条件研究。（5）政策含义与对策研究，讨论本课题研究与我国产业升级与结构调整的关系。.